Psychiatrische Begleiterkrankungen im Rahmen einer Parkinson-Demenz

Zusammenfassung

Im späteren Verlauf der Parkinson-Krankheit besteht ein hohes Risiko, neben der charakterisierenden motorischen Symptomatik beeinträchtigende kognitive Funktionsstörungen zu entwickeln. Dieser Störungskomplex kann maßgeblich den klinischen Verlauf bei Patienten in fortgeschrittenen Krankheitsstadien bestimmen. Der Artikel umschreibt knapp das pathophysiologische Konzept kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen bei Parkinson. Er benennt relevante Differenzierungen, die Wege zur Diagnose und aktuelle therapeutische Herangehensweisen.

• Literatur

• 1 Aarsland D, Andersen K, Larsen JP. et al. Prevalence and characteristics of dementia in Parkinson disease: An 8-year prospective study. Arch. Neurol. 2003; 60: 387-392
• 2 Aarsland D, Marsh L, Schrag A. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc 2009; 24: 2175-2186
• 3 Aarsland D, Bronnick K, Williams-Gray C. et al. Mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease: A multicenter pooled analysis. Neurology 2010; 75: 1062-1069
• 4 Bartels T, Choi JG, Selkoe DJ. α-Synuclein occurs physiologically as a helically folded tetramer that resists aggregation. Nature 2011; 477: 107-110
• 5 Braak H, Del Tredici K, Rüb U. et al. Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Aging 2003; 24: 197-211
• 6 Clarenbach P. Parkinson’s disease and sleep. J Neurol 2000; 247 (Suppl. 04) IV/20-23
• 7 Cummings JL, Mega M, Gray K. et al. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia. Neurology 1994; 44: 2308-2314
• 8 Diagnostisches und statistisches Manual psychischer Störungen DSM-5®. Göttingen: Hogrefe; 2015
• 9 DIMDI. ICD-10-GM. Version 2018. Im Internet: www.dimdi.de/static/de/klassi/icd-10-gm/kodesuche/onlinefassungen/htmlgm2018/index.htm Stand: 26.03.2018
• 10 Dirnberger G, Jahanshahi M. Executive dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: A review. J Neuropsychol 2013; 7: 193-224
• 11 Dooneief G, Mirabello E, Bell K. et al. An estimate of the incidence of depression in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Arch Neurol 1992; 49: 305-307
• 12 Dujardin K, Sockeel P, Devos D. et al. Characteristics of apathy in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord 2007; 22: 778-784
• 13 Emre M, Aarsland D, Albanese A. et al. Rivastigmine for dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 2509-2518
• 14 Emre M, Aarsland D, Brown R. et al. Clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc 2007; 22: 1689-1707 quiz 1837
• 15 Etgen T, Sander D, Bickel H. et al. Mild cognitive impairment and dementia: The importance of modifiable risk factors. Dtsch Arzteblatt Int 2011; 108: 743-750
• 16 Falkai. et al. Diagnostisches und statistisches Manual psychischer Störungen DSM-5^® . Göttingen: Hogrefe; 2015
• 17 Ffytche DH, Creese B, Politis M. et al. The psychosis spectrum in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurol 2017; 13: 81-95
• 18 Freundt EC, Maynard N, Clancy EK. et al. Neuron-to-neuron transmission of α-synuclein fibrils through axonal transport. Ann Neurol 2012; 72: 517-524
• 19 George S, Rey NL, Reichenbach N. et al. α-Synuclein: The long distance runner. Brain Pathol Zurich Switz 2013; 23: 350-357
• 20 Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Del Tredici K. et al. 100 years of Lewy pathology. Nat Rev Neurol 2013; 9: 13-24
• 21 Goedert M, Masuda-Suzukake M, Falcon B. Like prions: The propagation of aggregated tau and α-synuclein in neurodegeneration. Brain J Neurol 2017; 140: 266-278
• 22 Goldman SM, Quinlan PJ, Ross GW. et al. Solvent exposures and Parkinson disease risk in twins. Ann Neurol 2012; 71: 776-784
• 23 Hansmann J, Ceballos-Baumann A. Gibt es eine Pharmakotherapie von „herausforderndes Verhalten“?. Nervenheilkunde 2015; 34: 161-166
• 24 Hely MA, Morris JG, Reid WG. et al. Sydney Multicenter Study of Parkinson’s disease: Non-L-dopa-responsive problems dominate at 15 years. Mov Disord 2005; 20: 190-199
• 25 Hely MA, Reid WGJ, Adena MA. et al. The Sydney multicenter study of Parkinson’s disease: The inevitability of dementia at 20 years. Mov Disord 2008; 23: 837-844
• 26 Hindmarch I, Lehfeld H, de Jongh P. et al. The Bayer Activities of Daily Living Scale (B-ADL). Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 1998; 9 (Suppl. 02) 20-26
• 27 Holden SK, Jones WE, Baker KA. et al. Outcome measures for Parkinson’s disease dementia: A systematic review. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2016; 3: 9-18
• 28 Klein C, Schlossmacher MG. The genetics of Parkinson disease: Implications for neurological care. Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2006; 2: 136-146
• 29 Lenka A, Herath P, Christopher R. et al. Psychosis in Parkinson’s disease: From the soft signs to the hard science. J Neurol Sci 2017; 379: 169-176
• 30 Litvan I, Goldman JG, Tröster AI. et al. Diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease: Movement disorder society task force guidelines. Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc 2012; 27: 349-356
• 31 Mayeux R. Depression in the patient with Parkinson’s disease. J Clin Psychiatry 1990; 51 (Suppl) 20-23 discussion 24–25
• 32 Mayeux R, Denaro J, Hemenegildo N. A population-based investigation of parkinson’s disease with and without dementia: Relationship to age and gender. Arch Neurol 1992; 49: 492-497
• 33 McKeith I. Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease with dementia: Where two worlds collide. Pract Neurol 2007; 7: 374-382
• 34 Memory Clinic. CERAD-Plus – Die Neuropsychologische Testbatterie CERAD-Plus. Im Internet: www.memoryclinic.ch/de/main-navigation/neuropsychologen/cerad-plus/ Stand: 26.03.2018
• 35 Morris JC, Heyman A, Mohs RC. et al. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD). Part I. Clinical and neuropsychological assessment of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 1989; 39: 1159-1165
• 36 Petzinger GM, Fisher BE, McEwen S. et al. Exercise-enhanced neuroplasticity targeting motor and cognitive circuitry in Parkinson’s disease. Lancet Neurol 2013; 12: 716-726
• 37 Poewe W, Luginger E. Depression in Parkinson’s disease: Impediments to recognition and treatment options. Neurology 1999; 52: S2-6
• 38 Poewe W. When a Parkinson’s disease patient starts to hallucinate. Pract Neurol 2008; 8: 238-241
• 39 Postuma RB, Anang J, Pelletier A. et al. Caffeine as symptomatic treatment for Parkinson disease (Café-PD): A randomized trial. Neurology 2017; 89: 1795-1803
• 40 Reisberg B. Functional assessment staging (FAST). Psychopharmacol Bull 1988; 24: 653-659
• 41 Rolinski M, Fox C, Maidment I. et al. Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson’s disease dementia and cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; CD006504
• 42 Rosen WG, Mohs RC, Davis KL. A new rating scale for Alzheimer’s disease. Am J Psychiatry 1984; 141: 1356-1364
• 43 Sixel-Döring F, Trautmann E, Mollenhauer B. et al. Rapid eye movement sleep behavioral events: A new marker for neurodegeneration in early Parkinson disease?. Sleep 2014; 37: 431-438
• 44 Skorvanek M, Goldman JG, Jahanshahi M. et al. Global scales for cognitive screening in Parkinson’s disease: Critique and recommendations. Mov Disord 2018; 33: 208-218
• 45 Speelman AD, van de Warrenburg BP, van Nimwegen M. et al. How might physical activity benefit patients with Parkinson disease?. Nat Rev Neurol 2011; 7: 528-534
• 46 Stocchi F, Abbruzzese G, Ceravolo R. et al. Prevalence of fatigue in Parkinson disease and its clinical correlates. Neurology 2014; 83: 215-220
• 47 Svenningsson P, Westman E, Ballard C. et al. Cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease: Diagnosis, biomarkers, and treatment. Lancet Neurol 2012; 11: 697-707
• 48 Trenkwalder C, Kohnen R, Högl B. et al. Parkinson’s disease sleep scale: Validation of the revised version PDSS-2. Mov Disord 2011; 26: 644-652
• 49 Walker Z, Possin KL, Boeve BF. et al. Lewy body dementias. Lancet Lond Engl 2015; 386: 1683-1697
• 50 Winner B, Jappelli R, Maji SK. et al. In vivo demonstration that alpha-synuclein oligomers are toxic. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011; 108: 4194-4199
• 51 Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL. et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res 1982; 17: 37-49