PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2020; 70(01): 11-21
DOI: 10.1055/a-0830-4745

Übersicht

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Interventionen zur Resilienzförderung bei Erwachsenen

Eine narrative ÜbersichtsarbeitInterventions To Promote Resilience In AdultsA Narrative Review

Svenja Linz^*

¹Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) gGmbH, Mainz

²Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

,

Isabella Helmreich

¹Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) gGmbH, Mainz

²Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

,

Angela Kunzler

¹Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) gGmbH, Mainz

²Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

,

Andrea Chmitorz

¹Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) gGmbH, Mainz

²Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

,

Klaus Lieb

²Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

,

Thomas Kubiak

³Abteilung Gesundheitspsychologie, Psychologisches Institut der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

› Institutsangaben

Zusammenfassung

Resilienz bezeichnet die Aufrechterhaltung bzw. rasche Wiederherstellung der psychischen Gesundheit während oder nach stressvollen Lebensumständen. Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse legen nahe, dass Resilienz dynamisch ist und trainiert werden kann. Obwohl Interventionen zur Stärkung der Resilienz häufig zur Gesundheitsförderung bei verschiedenen Zielgruppen eingesetzt werden, ist deren Effektivität jedoch kaum systematisch untersucht. Diese Übersichtsarbeit beurteilt narrativ die Ergebnisse 4 systematischer Reviews und Metaanalysen zu Resilienzinterventionen bei Erwachsenen und fasst die Evidenz aus den randomisiert-kontrollierten Primärstudien (N=44) zusammen. Insgesamt erzielten die Resilienzinterventionen kleine bis moderate Effekte bzgl. der Steigerung von Resilienz und der Verbesserung der psychischen Gesundheit. Trotz methodischer Schwächen scheinen Resilienzinterventionen wirksam zu sein und könnten somit eine gute Ergänzung zu aktuellen Präventionsmaßnahmen darstellen.

Abstract

Resilience refers to the phenomenon that many people maintain mental health despite exposure to psychological or physical adversity. Recent research suggests that resilience is dynamic and can be trained. Interventions to promote resilience aim at increasing well-being. The effects of such interventions have hardly been evaluated so far. This work is a narrative review of interventions to promote resilience in adults. We evaluated the results of 4 systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the topic and summarize the evidence from 44 randomized controlled trials. Overall, interventions to promote resilience achieved small to moderate effects regarding increasing resilience and improving mental health. Despite methodological shortcomings, the available evidence suggests that intervention programs to foster resilience can be effective and indicates that they could be a promising component of current preventive effort.

Schlüsselwörter

Schlüsselwörter

Resilienz - Prävention - Resilienztraining/-intervention - systematische Reviews - randomisiert-kontrollierte Studien (RCT)

Key words

Key words

resilience - prevention - resilience training/intervention - systematic reviews - randomized controlled trials (RCT)

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