Rehabilitation bei Amyotropher Lateralsklerose

Martin Groß; Oliver Summ

doi:10.1055/a-0876-2651

Nervenheilkunde, Table of Contents

Nervenheilkunde 2019; 38(05): 249-256
DOI: 10.1055/a-0876-2651

Schwerpunkt

Rehabilitation bei Amyotropher Lateralsklerose

Rehabilitation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Martin Groß

¹Evangelisches Krankenhaus Oldenburg, Oldenburg

²Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg

³Neuromuskuläres Zentrum Nordwest

,

Oliver Summ

¹Evangelisches Krankenhaus Oldenburg, Oldenburg

²Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg

³Neuromuskuläres Zentrum Nordwest

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

In der stationären neurologischen Rehabilitation in Deutschland werden vorwiegend akute neurologische Erkrankungen, aber nur selten schwere, fortschreitende neuromuskuläre Erkrankungen wie die Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose behandelt. Mittlerweile liegt jedoch in Bezug auf die Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose eine umfangreiche Evidenz für den positiven Nutzen in der Rehabilitation angewandter Methoden und den Einsatz von in der Rehabilitation tätigen Fachbereichen vor: Physiotherapie, Übungsbehandlung, Atmungstherapie, Logopädie, Ernährungstherapie, Ergotherapie, der Einsatz von Hilfsmitteln, assistive Technologien, Elektrorollstühlen und Unterstützter Kommunikation sowie multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit und Palliative Care können das Leben der Patienten verlängern, Teilhabe und Lebensqualität verbessern und ein würdevolles Sterben ermöglichen. Essenziell sind die Integration der Angehörigen und beatmungsmedizinischer Expertise in die Behandlung. Ambulante und stationäre neurologische sollten daher fester Bestandteil der Behandlung der Amyotrophen Lateralsklerose sein.

ABSTRACT

Inhospital neurological rehabilitation in Germany is regularly provided for patients with acute neurological illness, but rarely for patients suffering from severe progressive neuromuscular disorders as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. There is evidence from a wide spectrum of literature that rehabilitative interventions as physiotherapy and exercise, respiratory therapy, speech and language therapy, nutritional therapy, occupational therapy, the use of “lowtech” and “hightech” assistive technologies, electric wheelchairs and assistive and augmentative communication, multidisciplinary teams and palliative care can improve survival, participation and quality of life as well as promote dying in peace. The integration of caregivers and of profound knowledge in home mechanical ventilation is essential. Outpatient an inhospital rehabilitation should be an integral part of the treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Schlüsselwörter

Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose - außerklinische Beatmung - Rehabilitation - Unterstützte Kommunikation - Elektromobilität

Key words

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - motoneuron disease - rehabilitation - palliative care - assistive technologies - assistive and augmentative communication - multidisciplinary

Full Text

References

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