Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/a-0946-0239
Kontaktuntersuchungen bei aktiver Tuberkulose und Management latenter Tuberkulose: 5 Jahres-Analyse an einem deutschen Großstadt Gesundheitsamt
Contact Investigation in Active Tuberculosis and Management of Latent TB Infection: 5-year Analysis at a German City Health AuthorityPublication History
Publication Date:
01 August 2019 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Im Rahmen der Tuberkulosekontrolle führen Gesundheitsämter auf Grundlage des Infektionsschutzgesetzes (IfSG) in Deutschland Untersuchungen bei Kontaktpersonen von Tuberkulosepatienten durch, um eine mögliche Infektion bei diesen Personen zu identifizieren. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die Maßnahmen des Kölner Gesundheitsamtes bei neu diagnostizierten Fällen von latenter Tuberkulose Infektion (LTBI) über einen Zeitraum von 5 Jahren retrospektiv zu analysieren.
Material und Methoden Daten des Kölner Gesundheitsamts von Untersuchungen bei Kontaktpersonen von Tuberkuloseerkrankten im Zeitraum 01.07.2012 bis 31.12.2016 wurden analysiert. Fehlende Zeichen einer aktiven Tuberkulose und ein positiver Interferon Gamma Release Assay bildeten die Basis zur Diagnose einer LTBI. Personen mit positiven Testergebnis, die zum Zeitpunkt der Untersuchung mindestens 16 Jahre und in Köln gemeldet waren, wurden mit in die Untersuchung eingeschlossen.
Ergebnisse Von insgesamt 3859 Kontaktpersonen erfüllten 430 Fälle die Einschlusskriterien: bei 174/430 Patienten wurde die Indikation für eine chemopräventive Therapie (CPT) gesehen, 65 LTBI-Patienten (35,1%) führten diese tatsächlich durch; bei 117 Patienten war in den Akten keine Angabe zur Durchführung einer Therapie vermerkt. 22/430 Personen mit LTBI entwickelten innerhalb des Untersuchungszeitraums eine aktive Tuberkulose.
Schlussfolgerung Um das Potenzial der chemopräventiven Therapie der LTBI im Hinblick auf die Empfehlungen der „End TB“-Strategie der Weltgesundheitsorganisation für Deutschland zu optimieren, unterstreichen diese Zahlen den Bedarf, Dokumentation und Management der latenten Tuberkulose weiter zu verbessern
Abstract
Background As part of the German TB control program, health authorities conduct investigations among contacts of patients with active tuberculosis based on the infection prevention legislation, to identify potential infections among these persons. The aim of this study was to analyze retrospectively procedures of the city health authority Cologne, in cases of newly diagnosed latent TB infection (LTBI) over a 5-year period.
Methods Data from the Cologne City Health Authority on contact investigations of TB cases between July 1st 2012 und December 31st 2016 were analyzed. In the absence of signs for active TB and a positive result of the interferon gamma release assay (QFT), LTBI was diagnosed in contact persons. Those with positive test results aged 16 and above and registered in Cologne were included.
Results Out of 3859 contact persons, 430 met the inclusion criteria: in 174/430 cases chemo-preventive therapy (CPT) was recommended and 65 (35.1 %) actually took the course of CPT; in 117 cases, no records of CPT were found in the files and 22/430 persons with LTBI developed active TB within the observation period.
Conclusion If the full potential of LTBI treatment on the basis of the recommendations of WHO’s “End TB-Strategy“ is to be realized, the present study reveals the need to continuously improve documentation and management of LTBI in this setting.
-
Literatur
- 1 WHO . Global tuberculosis report 2017. World Health Organisation; 2017. [updated 2017]. zugänglich über http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/259366/1/9789241565516-eng.pdf?ua=1
- 2 WHO . Latent Tuberculosis infection -factsheet. 2016. [updated 06.02.2018]; cited 2018 06.02.2018]. zugänglich über: www.who.int/tb/areas-of-work/preventive-care/ltbi/en/
- 3 WHO . Towards tuberculosis elimination: an action framework for low-incidence countries. WHO; 2014. [cited 2019 08.02.2019]. zugänglich über https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/132231/9789241507707_eng.pdf;jsessionid=461D301C06003037DF9AC155BD5FF1D0?sequence=1
- 4 WHO . Guidelines on the management of latent tuberculosis infection. World Health Organisation; 2015. 2015 [updated 2015]. zugänglich über http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/136471/1/9789241548908_eng.pdf?ua=1&ua=1
- 5 Perumal N. German Perspective on TB Prevention and Control in the SDG Era. Robert Koch Institut; 2018. [cited 2018 23.10.2018]. zugänglich über https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/T/Tuberkulose/WTBTag2018/high_level_event.html
- 6 Bonita Brodhun DA, Hauer Barbara, Fiebig Lena. et al. Bericht zur Epidemiologie der Tuberkulose in Deutschland für. 2016. Robert Koch Institut; 2017 [updated 2017]. zugänglich über https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/T/Tuberkulose/Download/TB2016.pdf?__blob=publicationFile
- 7 Robert Koch-Institut DmJS. Aktuelle Statistik meldepflichtiger Infektionskrankheiten, Deutschland. Epidemiologisches Bulletin Nr 50 2018
- 8 Ziegler R, Just HM, Castell S. et al. Tuberculosis infection control – recommendations of the DZK. Pneumologie 2012; 66: 269-282
- 9 Erkens CG, Slump E, Verhagen M. et al. Risk of developing tuberculosis disease among persons diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection in the Netherlands. Eur Respir J 2016; 48: 1420-1428
- 10 Schoenfeld N, Haas W, Richter E. et al. Recommendations of the German Central Committee against Tuberculosis (DZK) and the German Respiratory Society (DGP) for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-tuberculous Mycobacterioses. Pneumologie 2016; 70: 250-276
- 11 Feiterna-Sperling C, Brinkmann F, Adamczick C. et al. Consensus-Based Guidelines for Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents – A Guideline on Behalf of the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (DGPI). Pneumologie 2017; 71: 629-680
- 12 Diel R, Loytved G, Nienhaus A. et al. New recommendations for contact tracing in tuberculosis. German Central Committee against Tuberculosis. Pneumologie 2011; 65: 359-378
- 13 Schaberg T, Bauer T, Brinkmann F. et al. Tuberculosis Guideline for Adults – Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis including LTBI Testing and Treatment of the German Central Committee (DZK) and the German Respiratory Society (DGP). Pneumologie 2017; 71: 325-397
- 14 Zellweger JP, Sotgiu G, Block M. et al. Risk Assessment of Tuberculosis in Contacts by IFN-gamma Release Assays. A Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group Study – data supplement 2015; [cited 2019]. zugänglich über DOI: https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/suppl/10.1164/rccm.201502-0232OC/suppl_file/zellweger_data_supplement.pdf..
- 15 Geis S, Bettge-Weller G, Goetsch U. et al. How can we achieve better prevention of progression to tuberculosis among contacts?. European Respiratory Journal 2013; 42: 1743-1746
- 16 Gutsfeld C, Olaru ID, Vollrath O. et al. Attitudes about tuberculosis prevention in the elimination phase: a survey among physicians in Germany. PLoS One 2014; 9: e112681
- 17 Eidlitz-Markus T, Zeharia A, Baum G. et al. Use of the urine color test to monitor compliance with isoniazid treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. Chest 2003; 123: 736-739
- 18 Sandul AL, Nwana N, Holcombe JM et al. High Rate of Treatment Completion in Program Settings with 12-Dose Weekly Isoniazid and Rifapentine (3HP) for Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Clin Infect Dis 2017
- 19 WHO. Latent tuberculosis infection – Updated and consolidated guidelines for programmatic management. 2018; [26.01.2019]. zugänglich über https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/260233/9789241550239-eng.pdf;jsessionid=9E4969F50EA58A9D424555737B6A2EDC?sequence=1
- 20 ecdc. Programmatic management of latent tuberculosis infection in the European Union2018 .[cited 2019 26.01.2019]; 2019(26.01.2019). Available from https://ecdc.europa.eu/sites/portal/files/documents/October-2018-Programmatic-management-LTBI-EU.pdf
- 21 Barniol J, Niemann S, Louis VR. et al. Transmission dynamics of pulmonary tuberculosis between autochthonous and immigrant sub-populations. BMC Infect Dis 2009; 9: 197
- 22 Sarivalasis A, Bodenmann P, Langenskiold E. et al. High rate of completion of preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection among asylum seekers in a Swiss Canton. Swiss Med Wkly 2013; 143: w13860
- 23 Diel R, Nienhaus A. Current Issues Arising from Tuberculosis Screening with Interferon-Gamma-Release Assays (IGRAs). Pneumologie 2015; 69: 271-275
- 24 Diel R. Tuberkulose bei Migranten. Der Pneumologe 2017; 15: 14-21
- 25 Moulding T. How much isoniazid is needed for prevention of tuberculosis among immunocompetent adults?. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2000; 4: 485
- 26 Prophylaxis IUATCo . Efficacy of various durations of isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis: five years of follow-up in the IUAT trial. International Union Against Tuberculosis Committee on Prophylaxis. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1982; 60: 555-564
- 27 van Hest NA, Aldridge RW, de Vries G. et al. Tuberculosis control in big cities and urban risk groups in the European Union: a consensus statement. Eurosurveillance 2014; 19: 9