Wirksamkeit, Moderatoren und Mediatoren manualisierter familienbasierter Therapie bei Jugendlichen mit Essstörungen: Eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit

Zusammenfassung

Familienbasierte Therapie (FBT) ist derzeit die Therapie bei Jugendlichen mit Essstörungen mit der höchsten Evidenz. Ziel der Übersichtsarbeit ist es, die bisherigen Forschungsergebnisse hinsichtlich der Wirksamkeit der manualisierten FBT nach Lock und Le Grange zusammenzufassen sowie Moderatoren und Mediatoren darzustellen. In 5 randomisiert-kontrollierten Studien (engl. randomised controlled trial, RCT) bei Anorexia nervosa (N=560) zeigten sich Remissionsraten zwischen 21,2–42% am Ende der Behandlung, zwischen 21,8–40% bei der 6-Monats-Katamnese und zwischen 29–49% bei der 12-Monats-Katamnese. Die Remissionsraten bei Bulimia nervosa (2 RCTs, N=210) lagen bei 39% bzw. 29–44% bzw. 49%. Wünschenswert wären Replikationen der Ergebnisse durch unabhängige Arbeitsgruppen und in anderen Ländern. Es wäre zudem interessant, FBT im Vergleich zur Kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie sowie zur tiefenpsychologisch fundierten Therapie zu untersuchen und weitere Strategien für Non-Responder zu explorieren.

Abstract

Family-based therapy (FBT) is currently the most evidence-based treatment for adolescents with eating disorders. The aim of this review is to summarize previous research results regarding the efficacy of the manualized FBT according to Lock and Le Grange and to report on moderators and mediators. In 5 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in anorexia nervosa (N=560) remission rates were between 21.2–42% at end of treatment, between 21.8–40% at 6-month follow-up, and between 29–49% at 12-month follow-up. Remission rates for patients with bulimia nervosa (2 RCTs, N=210) were 39%, 29–44% and 49% respectively. It would be desirable to replicate these results through independent working groups and in other countries. In addition, it would also be important to evaluate FBT in comparison to cognitive behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy, and to further explore strategies for non-responders.

Schlüsselwörter

Anorexia nervosa - Bulimia nervosa - Familienbasierte Therapie - RCT - Review

Key words

anorexia nervosa - bulimia nervosa - family-based treatment - RCT - review

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