Bone Substitutes in Orthopaedic Surgery: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Abstract

Bone replacement materials have been successfully supplied for a long time. But there are cases, especially in critical sized bone defects, in which the therapy is not sufficient. Nowadays, there are multiple bone substitutes available. Autologous bone grafts remain the “gold standard” in bone regeneration. Yet, donor-site morbidity and the available amount of sufficient material are limitations for autologous bone grafting. This study aimed to provide information about the current status in research regarding bone substitutes. We report on the advantages and drawbacks of several bone substitutes. At the end, we discuss the current developments of combining ceramic substitutes with osteoinductive substances.

Zusammenfassung

Knochenersatzmaterialien werden seit langem erfolgreich eingesetzt. Jedoch gibt es Fälle, speziell bei Knochendefekten „kritischer“ Größe, bei denen die Therapie nicht erfolgreich ist. Heutzutage steht eine Vielzahl von Knochenersatzmaterialien zur Verfügung. Die autologe Spongiosaplastik stellt immer noch den „Goldstandard“ in der Knochenregeneration dar. Die Morbidität an der Entnahmestelle und die begrenzte Verfügbarkeit an geeignetem Material stellen indes Limitierungen für die Anwendung von autologer Spongiosa dar. Die vorliegende Studie informiert über die aktuelle Situation in der Forschung über Knochenersatzstoffe. Wir berichten über die Vor- und Nachteile von verschiedenen Knochenersatzmaterialien. Zum Schluss diskutieren wir die Möglichkeiten der Kombination von Knochenersatzmaterialien mit osteoinduktiven Substanzen.

Key words

critical size bone defect - ceramic bone substitute - osteoconductive - osteoinductive

Schlüsselwörter

Knochendefekte kritischer Größe - keramische Knochenersatzmaterialien - osteokonduktiv - osteoinduktiv

Publication History

Article published online:
05 February 2020

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