Biotechnologisch hergestellte Megakaryozyten und Thrombozyten

Zusammenfassung

Angesichts der ständig steigenden Nachfrage nach Thrombozyten zielen neue Zell-Pharming-Strategien auf die Generierung von Megakaryozyten und Thrombozyten in vitro ab. Dieser Übersichtsartikel analysiert den aktuellen Stand der Methoden zur biotechnologischen Herstellung von Megakaryozyten und Thrombozyten und zeigt die Erarbeitung von Strategien, die darauf abzielen, diese Methoden in die Klinik zu bringen.

Abstract

The continuously increasing demand on platelets and the current trend to a decrease in blood donor numbers poses a relevant challenge to the field of platelet transfusion. Further problems associated with immunological features, quality, contamination, sensitivity of platelets to manipulations, as well as very short shelf life of the donor material may compromise the therapeutic effect. Thus, novel highly desirable cell pharming strategies aim at the in vitro generation of megakaryocytes and platelets. This review focuses on the analysis of the current status of methods to generate bioengineered megakaryocytes and platelets as well as defines the strategies aimed at bringing these methods to clinics.

Kernaussagen

• Der einzige wirksame therapeutische Ansatz zur Behandlung einer schweren Thrombozytopenie ist derzeit die Thrombozytentransfusion.

• Zell-Pharming-Strategien haben die Generierung von Megakaryozyten und Thrombozyten in vitro zum Ziel.

• Um das Ziel eines klinisch relevanten In-vitro-Megakaryozyten-Bioengineerings – die Lieferung funktioneller Thrombozyten in geeigneter Qualität und in benötigten Mengen in gebrauchsfertiger Form – zu erreichen, sind 5 Schlüsselstrategien erfolgreich:

  • Steigerung der Ausbeute,

  • Erweiterung der Produktionskapazität,

  • Biobanking,

  • Einhaltung und Anwendung von GLP/GMP (Good Laboratory Practice/Good Manufacturing Practice) durch die o. g. 3 Strategien,

  • Identifizierung der tatsächlichen therapeutischen Strategie für die klinische Anwendung.

• Der Artikel fasst Hintergründe, Fortschritte und den aktuellen Stand der Technologien zur biotechnologischen Ex-vivo-Herstellung von Megakaryozyten und Thrombozyten zusammen.

Schlüsselwörter

Transfusionsmedizin - Blutprodukt - Makrozyten - Thrombozyten - Zell-Pharming

Key words

transfusion medicine - blood product - macrocytes - platelets - cell pharming

Publication History

Article published online:
25 August 2020

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