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Transfusionsmedizin 2020; 10(04): 199-207
DOI: 10.1055/a-1119-1796
Übersicht

Künstliche Sauerstofftransporter können mehr als Sauerstoff liefern

Artificial Oxygen Carriers Can Do More Than Just Deliver Oxygen
Hans Bäumler
Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
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Zusammenfassung

Zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt ist in der EU und den USA kein artifizieller Sauerstofftransporter zugelassen. Hämoglobin-basierte Sauerstoff-Carrier (HBOC) sind bereits seit Jahrzehnten Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen. Ein wesentliches Hindernis bei der Zulassung war bisher der Anspruch der Entwickler, einen universell einsetzbaren Blutersatz zu produzieren. Die Beschränkung auf eine Indikation scheint erfolgversprechender zu sein. Der Ansatz, nicht nur Sauerstoff von der Lunge zum Gewebe, sondern auch der Abtransport von Kohlendioxid vom Gewebe zur Lunge zu transportieren, der effektiver als mit Erythrozyten durchgeführt werden kann, erscheint besonders attraktiv. Aufgrund vielversprechender präklinischer sowie klinischer Untersuchungen besteht die Hoffnung, dass in absehbarer Zeit auch in der EU künstliche Sauerstofftransporter für therapeutische Zwecke zur Verfügung stehen werden.

Abstract

At present, no artificial oxygen transporter is approved in the EU and USA. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOC) have been the subject of scientific studies for decades. A major obstacle to approval has so far been the developersʼ claim to produce a universally applicable blood substitute. The restriction to one indication seems to be more promising. The approach to transport not only oxygen from the lung to the tissue, but also the removal of carbon dioxide from the tissue to the lung, which can be carried out more effectively than with erythrocytes, appears to be particularly attractive. Based on promising preclinical and clinical investigations, there is hope that in the foreseeable future artificial oxygen transporters will be available for therapeutic purposes in the EU as well.

Schlüsselwörter

Sauerstofftransporter - HBOC - Hämoglobin - Sauerstoffaffinität

Key words

oxygen carrier - HBOC - hemoglobin - oxygen affinity


Publication History

Article published online:
16 November 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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