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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2020; 48(02): 89-98
DOI: 10.1055/a-1122-7861
Originalartikel

Einfluss von Haltungsfehlern auf den Sauerstoffhaushalt in Standardaquarien

The effect of husbandry shortcomings on oxygen supply in pet fish tanks
Paul Mieske
,
Stefan K. Hetz
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Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel Zur Überprüfung der Eignung von Standardaquarien zur dauerhaften Haltung von Zierfischen wurden in einer Gruppe von Standardaquarien mit 54 Litern Inhalt der Sauerstoffverbrauch und -eintrag gemessen.

Material und Methoden Die Einwirkungen simulierter definierter Störungen (Anfängerfehler wie übermäßige Futtergabe, mangelnde Filterreinigung, unterschiedliche Oberflächenbewegung, Bedeckung der Wasseroberfläche mit Pflanzen) auf den Sauerstoffverbrauch im Aquarium wurden im stark mit Fischen besetzten Aquarium und im vereinfachten Modellaquarium quantitativ ermittelt.

Ergebnisse Den größten Sauerstoffverbrauch zeigten neben dem im Versuch nicht quantifizierbaren Verbrauch der Einrichtung (Bodengrund, Wasserpflanzen, Bakterien, reduzierte Substanzen) der Stoffwechsel der Fische, der mit der Futterdosis stark anstieg, sowie in geringem Maße der oxidative Umbau von Stickstoff in Form von Ammonium zu Nitrat. Der Sauerstoffeintrag wurde maßgeblich durch die Bedeckung der Wasseroberfläche und die Wasserbewegung beeinflusst.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Die Ergebnisse erlauben erstmals quantitative Voraussagen zur Interaktion von Fischbesatz und Sauerstoffhaushalt in eingerichteten handelsüblichen Standardaquarien. Selbst unter den im Versuch eingestellten Bedingungen (erhöhter Besatz, mangelnde Filterhygiene, übermäßige Futtergabe) erwiesen sich alle Aquarien als geeignet für die dauerhafte Haltung von Zierfischen. Es ist jedoch darauf zu achten, dass die Wasseroberfläche frei von Bedeckung und ständig gut bewegt ist. Bei der Fütterung sollte das Futter eher in mehreren kleinen Portionen als in großen Portionen gegeben werden.

Abstract

Objective In order to investigate the suitability of standard fish tank setups for permanent keeping of ornamental pet fish, oxygen consumption and exchange rates were measured in a group of standard aquariums with a volume of 54 litres.

Materials and methods The effects of defined disturbances on oxygen partial pressure in fish tanks were measured. These simulated typical beginners’ errors such as a high stocking density, excessive feeding, insufficient filter cleaning, lack of water movement, and plant coverage of the water surface. Quantitative changes in oxygen partial pressure were measured in the tank as well as in a simplified model tank.

Results Oxygen uptake rate of the tank (substrate, aquatic plants, bacteria, reduced substances) was not quantifiable in the experiment. The metabolism of the fish, which increased sharply with the feeding dose, exhibited the greatest effect on oxygen consumption in the fish tank. Oxidative conversion of nitrogen from ammonia to nitrate also caused a decrease in oxygen content, however to a lesser extent. Oxygen uptake from the atmosphere was significantly modulated by water flow rate and size of the diffusion area of the water surface.

Conclusion and clinical relevance These results allow quantitative predictions concerning the interaction of fish stocking density and oxygen balance in standard commercial aquarium setups. Even under conditions of high stocking density, poor filter hygiene and excessive feeding, all tested tanks demon strated their suitability for permanent keeping of ornamental fish. Care is warranted, however, that water flow is maintained and its surface is not covered by plants. Ideally, the fish should be fed several small portions during daytime rather than a single large ration.

Schlüsselwörter

Zierfische - Sauerstoffversorgung - Fütterung - kritischer Sauerstoffpartialdruck - Aquarium

Key words

Ornamental fish - oxygen supply - feeding - critical oxygen partial pressure - fish tank


Publication History

Received: 09 January 2020

Accepted: 26 February 2020

Article published online:
23 April 2020

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York

 

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