Prototheca from bovine milk and associated minimal algaecide concentration of chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine in Taiwan

Abstract

Objective Protothecal mastitis has emerged and affected the dairy industries globally in last decades; however, little is known about the occurrence of Prototheca in Taiwan. The present study identified the Prototheca isolated from bovine milk and revealed the algaecide efficacy of 2 disinfectants.

Material and methods From 2011 to 2014, a total of 176 Prototheca isolates were obtained from 10 625 milk samples collected from dairy cows in 24 Taiwanese dairy farms. Of these, 149 isolates were identified by biochemical tests and genotype differentiation with a specific PCR protocol. Minimal algaecide concentration (MAC) of chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine were obtained from 16 isolates by microdilution method.

Results Almost all (n = 147) isolates were P. zopfii, and remaining 2 isolates were P. wickerhamii and unidentified, respectively. Based on molecular genotyping, all P. zopfii isolates belonged to genotype 2. The MAC of 2 commonly used disinfectants, chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine, against 16 P. zopfii isolates was 1.56–3.13 and 48.83–390.63 µg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion This report revealed for the first time the prevalence and the predominant P. zopfii genotype 2 of bovine protothecal infection in Taiwan. In vitro algaecide efficacy indicated that both tested disinfectants were effective against P. zopfii.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Mastitiden des Rindes, die durch Prototheken verursacht werden, treten weltweit auf und haben die Branche in den letzten Jahrzehnten belastet. Über das Vorkommen von Prototheken in Taiwan ist jedoch wenig bekannt. In der Studie wurden Prototheken aus Kuhmilch isoliert und die algizide Wirkung von 2 Desinfektionsmitteln bestimmt.

Material und Methoden In den Jahren von 2011 bis 2014 wurden aus 10 625 Milchproben, die aus 24 Milchkuhbeständen in Taiwan stammten, 176 Protothekenisolate gewonnen. Insgesamt149 Isolate wurden letztendlich biochemisch identifiziert und weiterhin mit molekularbiologisch unterschiedlicher genotypspezifischer PCR-Systeme analysiert. Minimale Algizidkonzentrationen (MAC) von Chlorhexidin und Povidon-Jod wurden von 16 Isolaten durch Mikrodilution erhalten.

Ergebnisse Bei den 149 identifizierten Isolaten von Prototheca spp. handelte es sich um 147 Isolate von P. zopfii und 2 Isolate von P. wickerhamii. Basierend auf der molekularen Genotypisierung gehörten alle P. zopfii-Isolate zum Genotyp 2. Die MAC der beiden häufig verwendeten Desinfektionsmittel Chlorhexidin und Povidon-Iod für 16 P. zopfii-Isolate betrug 1,56–3,13 bzw. 48,83–390,63 µg/ml.

Schlussfolgerung Diese Studie beschreibt zum ersten Mal die Inzidenz und den vorherrschenden P. zopfii-Genotyp 2 der protothekalen Mastitis bei Rindern in Taiwan. Die Untersuchung der In-vitro-Algizidfähigkeit zeigte an, dass die beiden getesteten Desinfektionsmittel gegen P. zopfii wirksam waren.

Key words

Udder infection - algae - disinfection

Schlüsselwörter

Euterinfektion - Algen - Desinfektion

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