Diabetes und COVID-19

Zusammenfassung

Der westliche Lebensstil mit hyperkalorischer, nährstoffarmer Ernährung und körperlicher Inaktivität begünstigt weltweit Übergewicht, Diabetes und Hypertonie. Mit Diabetes und Adipositas verbundenen ist ein erhöhtes Risiko für schweren COVID-19-Krankheitsverlauf und höhere Mortalität als Folge von gestörter Immunantwort, erhöhter Thromboseneigung, vermehrter Bildung von AGEs und RAGE-Aktivierung, von Entzündung und oxidativem Stress. Dies begünstigt eine überschießende und unkontrollierte Zytokinantwort, die verantwortlich ist für das Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome und Multiorganversagen. Eine Infektion löst Entzündung und Gewebeschädigung aus und führt zu erhöhter Stoffwechselaktivität, um geschädigtes Gewebe und Fremdmaterial zu entfernen. Bei Adipositas und Diabetes sind die Mechanismen zur Aufnahme von Fremdmaterial und Viren in die Zelle deutlich hochreguliert, sodass eine verstärkte Virusinfektion resultieren kann.

Schlüsselwörter

Diabetes mellitus - COVID-19 - Adipositas - Mortalität - Inflammation - Immunsystem - AGEs - ACE2

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