Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in der Pharmakologie

Zusammenfassung

Frauen erfahren Krankheit und Pharmakotherapie oft anders als Männer. Neben psychosozialen Aspekten bestehen geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede auch bei Prozessen der Pharmakokinetik (Aufnahme, Verteilung, Metabolisierung, Ausscheidung) sowie der Pharmakodynamik (Bindung, biologische und molekulare Wirkung). Diese Variabilität kann die Wirkdauer, Wirkstärke und Wirkqualität eines Arzneistoffs entscheidend beeinflussen und sollte bei der individuellen Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung unbedingt einbezogen werden.

Abstract

Women and men often experience illness and pharmacotherapy differently. Besides psychosocial aspects, sex-specific differences exist in terms of drug pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination) and pharmacodynamics (binding, biological and molecular actions). Such variations can impact decisively on the duration, potency and effectivity of drug action, and should be considered in personalised risk-benefit assessments.

Schlüsselwörter

Pharmakodynamik - Pharmakokinetik - Bioverfügbarkeit - geschlechterspezifisch

Keywords

pharmacodynamics - pharmacokinetics - bioavailability - sex-specific

• Literatur

• 1 Madla CM, Gavins FKH, Merchant HA. et al. Let’s talk about sex: Differences in drug therapy in males and females. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175: 113804
• 2 Mauvais-Jarvis F, Berthold HK, Campesi I. et al. Sex- and Gender-Based Pharmacological Response to Drugs. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73: 730-762
• 3 Thürmann PA. Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in der Pharmakokinetik und -dynamik von Arzneimitteln. Bundesgesundheitsbl – Gesundheitsf – Gesundheitsschutz 2005; 48: 536-540
• 4 Soldin OP, Chung SH, Mattison DR. Sex differences in drug disposition. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011: 187103
• 5 Kroboth PD, McAuley JW. Progesterone: does it affect response to drug?. Psychopharmacol Bull 1997; 33: 297-301
• 6 Vulpis E, Giulimondi F, Digiacomo L. et al. The Possible Role of Sex As an Important Factor in Development and Administration of Lipid Nanomedicine-Based COVID-19 Vaccine. Mol Pharm 2021; 18: 2448-2453
• 7 Donovan MD. Sex and racial differences in pharmacological response: effect of route of administration and drug delivery system on pharmacokinetics. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2005; 14: 30-37
• 8 Routledge PA, Stargel WW, Kitchell BB. et al. Sex-related differences in the plasma protein binding of lignocaine and diazepam. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1981; 11: 245-250
• 9 Tamargo J, Rosano G, Walther T. et al. Gender differences in the effects of cardiovascular drugs. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2017; 3: 163-182
• 10 Schwartz JB. Gender-specific implications for cardiovascular medication use in the elderly optimizing therapy for older women. Cardiol Rev 2003; 11: 275-298
• 11 Pleym H, Spigset O, Kharasch ED. et al. Gender differences in drug effects: implications for anesthesiologists. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2003; 47: 241-259
• 12 Vermeiden M, van den Broek WW, Mulder PG. et al. Influence of gender and menopausal status on antidepressant treatment response in depressed inpatients. J Psychopharmacol 2010; 24: 497-502
• 13 Koch KM, Palmer JL, Noordin N. et al. Sex and age differences in the pharmacokinetics of alosetron. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 53: 238-242
• 14 Migeon BR. X inactivation, female mosaicism, and sex differences in renal diseases. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19: 2052-2059
• 15 Spranger M, Aspey BS, Harrison MJ. Sex difference in antithrombotic effect of aspirin. Stroke 1989; 20: 34-37