Intestinale und extraintestinale Neoplasien im Verlauf chronisch entzündlicher Darmerkrankungen : Eine Langzeitanalyse aus einem tertiären Versorgungszentrum

Zusammenfassung

Die chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen (CED) Morbus Crohn (MC) und Colitis ulcerosa (CU) weisen steigende Inzidenzraten auf. Lange Krankheitsverläufe und die Notwendigkeit immunsuppressiver Therapien bedingen Komplikationen, u.a. auch Neoplasien.

Über einen Zeitraum von 20 Jahren (2000 – 2020) wurden die Daten der Med. Klinik 2 des Klinikums Leverkusen, einem tertiären Zuweisungszentrum für chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen, hinsichtlich des Auftretens maligner Erkrankungen analysiert.

In die Analyse konnten 51 Patienten eingeschlossen werden. 56 % der Neoplasien befanden sich extraintestinal, Männer waren häufiger vertreten (61 %). Patienten mit M. Crohn entwickelten häufiger extraintestinale Tumore.

Eine besondere Aufklärung von CED-Patienten über ihr Malignomrisiko scheint geboten. Dabei sollte der Fokus auf extraintestinale Malignome erweitert werden. Die Erstdiagnose einer Neoplasie bei CED-Patienten wird häufig im Alter zwischen 50 und 59 Jahren gestellt. Empfehlungen sollten bereits zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnosestellung starten und insbesondere auch Lebensstilfaktoren (z.B. Nikotinkarenz, Ernährung und Bewegung) adressieren.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases have recorded increasing incidence. A long period of illness and immunsuppressive drugs run a high risk of complications, this is particularly true for neoplasias.

Medical records of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases who developed a malignant disease during 2000 and 2020 were used for analysis.

51 patients could be included. 56% of tumors were located extraintestinal and occurred more often in patient with Crohn’s disease. Neoplasias were more frequent in men (61 %).

Individual prevention recommendations are urgently needed. Our focus should be extended to extraintestinal neoplasias. Initial diagnosis is often made in the 50+ age group. Thus, standardizised prevention programs including life-style factors should be started at the time of IBD diagnosis.

Schlüsselwörter

chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen - intestinale Neoplasien - extraintestinale Neoplasien

Keywords

inflammatory bowel disease - intestinal cancer - extraintestinal cancer

Publication History

Received: 09 June 2021

Accepted after revision: 13 October 2021

Article published online:
24 November 2021

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