Bildgebung der Muskulatur bei Neuromuskulären Erkrankungen – von der Initialdiagnostik bis zur Verlaufsbeurteilung

Zusammenfassung

Die bildgebende Diagnostik hat sich zu einem integralen Element der Betreuung von PatientInnen mit neuromuskulären Erkrankungen entwickelt. Als wesentliches Diagnostikum ist hierbei die Magnetresonanztomografie als breit verfügbares und vergleichsweise standardisiertes Untersuchungsverfahren etabliert, wobei die Sonografie der Muskulatur bei hinreichend erfahrenem Untersucher ebenfalls geeignet ist, wertvolle diagnostische Informationen zu liefern. Das CT hingegen spielt eine untergeordnete Rolle und sollte nur bei Kontraindikationen für eine MRT in Erwägung gezogen werden. Zunächst wurde die Bildgebung bei Muskelerkrankungen primär in der Initialdiagnostik unter vielfältigen Fragestellungen eingesetzt. Das Aufkommen innovativer Therapiekonzepte bei verschiedenen neuromuskulären Erkrankungen machen neben einer möglichst frühzeitigen Diagnosestellung insbesondere auch eine multimodale Verlaufsbeurteilung zur Evaluation des Therapieansprechens notwendig. Auch hier wird die Bildgebung der Muskulatur als objektiver Parameter des Therapieerfolges intensiv diskutiert und in Forschung wie Praxis zunehmend verwendet.

Abstract

Muscle imaging is an integral element in care and surveillance of patients with neuromuscular disorders. In this regard, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely available and is the standard procedure. Muscle sonography, however, offers valuable diagnostic information when carried out by highly experienced examiners. CT imaging only appears appropriate when other methods are not applicable (i. e., contraindications). While muscle imaging was primarily used in the context of initial diagnostics, recent developments in innovative therapeutic concepts necessitate not only the earliest possible diagnosis, but also a multimodal follow-up assessment to evaluate response to therapy. Thus, imaging of the musculature as an objective parameter of therapeutic success is intensively discussed and increasingly used in research and practice.

Schlüsselwörter

Neuromuskuläre Bildgebung - Muskel-MRT - Ganzkörper-MRT - quantitative MRT - Myosonografie

Key words

Neuromuscular imaging - muscle MRI - whole body MRI - quantitative MRI - myosonography

Publication History

Article published online:
02 March 2022

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