Protonenpumpenhemmer (PPI): Mikronährstoff-Räuber mit nachhaltigen Nebenwirkungen (Teil 1)

Zusammenfassung

Die längerfristige Einnahme von Protonenpumpeninhibitoren (PPI) ist mit zahlreichen Risiken verbunden, daher ist der Einsatz der Säureblocker möglichst auf max. 8 Wochen zu begrenzen. Aufgrund der verringerten Magensäureproduktion unter PPI siedeln sich vermehrt pathogene Bakterien im Gastrointestinaltrakt an, es kommt zu verminderter Resorption und Utilisation von Mikronährstoffen wie Magnesium, Kalzium, Zink, Eisen und Vitamin B₁₂. Eine Reihe von miteinander vernetzten Pathomechanismen erhöht das Osteoporose- bzw. Frakturrisiko deutlich. Erste Studien weisen darauf hin, dass die dauerhafte Blockade der Magensäure das Risiko für eine Infektion mit SARS-CoV-2 als auch die Schwere des Krankheitsverlaufs steigert. Die Verabreichung von PPI im 1. Trimenon der Schwangerschaft scheint nicht mit einem teratogenen Risiko verbunden zu sein, im Gegensatz zur Einnahme in den 4 Wochen vor der Konzeption. Die Einnahme während der Gravidität erhöht das Risiko für kindliches Asthma und Allergien.

Schlüsselwörter

Protonenpumpenhemmer (PPI) - Nebenwirkungen - Mikronährstoffe - Prazole - Osteoporoserisiko - Hypergastrinämie - Magnesiummangel - Eisen - Zink - Vitamin B₁₂ - Sturzrisiko - Helicobacter pylori - Pneumonie - COVID-19 - Schwangerschaft - Geburtsdefekte - Asthma

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