Zusammenfassung
Die sichere anästhesiologische Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit körperlichen oder geistigen Behinderungen ist zumeist zeitaufwendig und anspruchsvoll. In diesem Beitrag wollen
wir auf Besonderheiten in der perioperativen Versorgung von behinderten Kindern und Jugendlichen hinweisen. Auf die Probleme bei der Anästhesie von Kindern mit Autismus-Spektrum-Störung,
infantiler Zerebralparese und Trisomie 21 gehen wir im Anschluss näher ein.
Abstract
Children and adolescents with disabilities have the right of full and effective participation and inclusion in society. Disability includes a wide range of long-term physical, mental,
intellectual and sensory impairments for various reasons. In addition to the basic illness many children with disabilities have concomitant diseases. These diseases are decisive for the
perioperative risk. Information from parents regarding their childʼs behavioural patterns and needs, signs of escalating anxiety and pain are important. Perioperative dialog with the parents
is helpful and has positive effects also from parental point of view. Pharmacologic premedication is recommended. Induction of anaesthesia can be challenging and sometimes requires
unconventional methods. Pain behaviour may be unusual. There are suitable scales that incorporate such behaviours.
Schlüsselwörter
Kinder mit Behinderungen - Anästhesie - Schmerztherapie - infantile Zerebralparese - Down-Syndrom
Key words
children with disabilities - anaesthesia - pain management - infantile cerebral palsy - Down syndrome