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DOI: 10.1055/a-2047-5013
Aktuelle Therapie der Herzinsuffizienz mit mäßiggradig reduzierter und erhaltener Pumpfunktion
Current therapy of heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fractionInwieweit Herzinsuffizienz-Patienten von einer Therapie mit SGLT2-Hemmern profitieren, war lange ungeklärt. Studien zeigten zunächst keinen eindeutigen Nutzen, was sich aber bei genauerer Betrachtung anders zeigte. Dies führte dazu, dass die Europäischen Leitlinien im Jahr 2023 aktualisiert wurden. Nachfolgend werden die Datenlage und die daraus abgeleiteten Empfehlungen zur Therapie von Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz und einer LVEF >40% vorgestellt.
Abstract
Based on the results of recent clinical trials investigating patients with heart failure and a mildly reduced (HFmrEF) or preserved (HFpEF) left ventricular ejection fraction, an update of the ESC guidelines on acute and chronic heart failure as well as the German `Nationale Versorgungsleitlinie Herzinsuffizienz’ has been released. Consistently, they now recommend the use of SGLT2 inhibitors also in these patients’ groups. Further, patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure should receive the non-steroidal mineralocorticoid antagonist finerenone to reduce the risk of heart failure related hospitalization. In patients with HFmrEF, intravenous application of iron can be considered to improve quality of life in iron-depleted patients. Patients experiencing a heart failure related hospitalization shall receive the foundational guideline-directed pharmacotherapy already while in hospital and undergo a timely post discharge visit to further optimize treatment.
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SGLT2-Hemmer stellen die erste Substanzklasse dar, für die ein prognostischer Nutzen über das gesamte LVEF-Spektrum gezeigt werden konnte.
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Die ätiologische Aufarbeitung einer neu diagnostizierten Herzinsuffizienz hat hohe Priorität, um kausale Therapieoptionen rechtzeitig zur Anwendung zu bringen.
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Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 und Niereninsuffizienz sollten Finerenon erhalten, um das Risiko von herzinsuffizienzassoziierten Hospitalisierungen zu vermindern.
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Bereits während des stationären Aufenthaltes wegen Herzinsuffizienz sollte die leitliniengerechte Therapie begonnen und ggf. schon aufdosiert werden.
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Eine frühzeitige Kontrolluntersuchung, ca. 1–2 Wochen nach der Entlassung aus der stationären Behandlung sollte angestrebt werden, um den Volumenstatus des Patienten zu prüfen und die Therapie ggf. weiter zu optimieren.
Publication History
Article published online:
29 January 2024
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