Kapitel Basistherapie: Kalzium, Vitamin D und K, Ernährung, Körperliches Training

Zusammenfassung

In diesem Artikel wird der aktuelle Stand der DVO-Leitlinienempfehlungen zur Basistherapie vorgestellt. Die Basistherapie ist die Grundlage jeder Osteoporosebehandlung und ist auch für die Primärprävention von entscheidender Bedeutung, noch bevor die Knochenmineraldichte niedrig ist oder Frakturen auftreten. Auf der Grundlage einer aktualisierten Literaturrecherche umfasst das Kapitel Empfehlungen zu Kalzium, Vitamin D, Vitamin K und anderen Ernährungsaspekten sowie zu körperlicher Aktivität. Frühere Empfehlungen wurden überprüft und auf der Grundlage der neuen Literatur ergänzt. Die Empfehlungen für die Einnahme von Kalzium und Vitamin D, situationsabhängig entweder über die Ernährung oder über Supplemente, bleiben unverändert. Vitamin K wird nur zum Ausgleich eines Mangels empfohlen, da die Datenlage für eine Empfehlung in anderen Bereichen wie der allgemeinen Frakturprävention zu inkonsistent ist. Körperliche Aktivität hat einen positiven Effekt auf das Frakturrisiko und die Knochendichte und ist daher auch weiterhin eine wichtige Empfehlung, idealerweise im Rahmen eines angepassten, supervidierten Trainingsprogramms.

Abstract

This article presents the current status of the DVO guideline recommendations on basic therapy. Basic therapy is the foundation of any osteoporosis management and is also vital to its primary prevention; even before bone mineral density is low, or fractures occur. Based on an updated literature review, the chapter covers recommendations on calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K and other nutritional aspects as well as physical activity. Previous recommendations were reviewed and amended based on the new literature. Recommendations on calcium and vitamin D intake, through diet or supplements, remain unchanged. Vitamin K is recommended only to compensate for a deficiency, since data are too inconsistent for a recommendation in other settings such as fracture prevention. Physical activity has a positive effect on fracture risk and bone mineral density and therefore continues to be an important recommendation, also recommended, ideally in an appropriate supervised training program.

Schlüsselwörter

Osteoporose - Kalzium - Vitamin D - Vitamin K - Training

Key words

Osteoporosis - Calcium - vitamin d - vitamin K - exercise

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