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Arthritis und Rheuma 2024; 44(02): 87-94
DOI: 10.1055/a-2214-4940
Schwerpunkt

CAR-T-Zell-Therapie bei autoimmunen Erkrankungen

Ann-Christin Pecher
1   Medizinische Klinik II – Hämatologie, Onkologie, klinische Immunologie und Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
,
Jörg Henes
1   Medizinische Klinik II – Hämatologie, Onkologie, klinische Immunologie und Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
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ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Chimeric-Antigen-Receptor(CAR)-T-Zellen haben das Feld der Hämato-Onkologie revolutioniert und kommen seit 2021 auch im Bereich der Autoimmunerkrankungen zur Anwendung. Patienteneigene T-Zellen werden mit einem künstlich hergestellten T-Zell-Rezeptor („CAR“) transfiziert, woraufhin diese den B-Zell-Marker CD19 (oder auch andere Oberflächenmarker) erkennen. Nach Rückgabe der modifizierten T-Zellen nach erfolgter lymphodepletierender Chemotherapie kommt es zu einer raschen Expansion der CAR-T-Zellen. Diese ist mit potenziellen typischen Komplikationen wie dem Cytokine-Release-Syndrome und Immune-Effector-Cell-Associated-Neurotoxicity-Syndrome assoziiert. Die Wirkweise der CAR-T-Zell-Therapie ist noch nicht endgültig erklärt. Das verbesserte Ansprechen von Patienten wird aufgrund des weitverbreiteten Markers CD19 sowie des zellulären Elements der CAR-T-Zellen erklärt. Bislang existieren nur Fallberichte/-serien. Die Erfolge müssen sich nun in klinischen Studien – welche weltweit anlaufen – bestätigen.

Schlüsselwörter

CAR-T-Zellen - Autoimmunität - Kollagenose - B-Zell-Depletion - zelluläre Therapien


Publication History

Article published online:
16 April 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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