Bedeutung der Adipositas- und metabolischen Chirurgie im humanmedizinischen Studium, in der akademischen Lehre und Weiterbildung

Zusammenfassung

Ziel

In der Lehre spielen die Adipositas- und metabolische Chirurgie aktuell eine limitierte Rolle. Allerdings besteht aufgrund der rasant wachsenden Zahl an operativen Eingriffen die Notwendigkeit der Kenntnisvermittlung sowohl im Humanmedizinstudium als auch in der gastroenterologischen, allgemein- und viszeralchirurgischen Facharztausbildung.

Methode

Narrative Kurzübersicht.

Ergebnisse (Eckpunkte)

• Vorlesungen zur Adipositas und metabolischen Chirurgie gehören aktuell nicht an allen universitären Einrichtungen zur Lehre in der Chirurgie, was sukzessive, aufgrund von Aktualität und Platz im klinischen Versorgungsspektrum, unbedingt zu etablieren ist.

• Dieses sich rasch entwickelnde Spezialgebiet der viszeralen Chirurgie ist durch eine besondere und vielfältige Interdisziplinarität gekennzeichnet.

• Multimorbidität, Veränderungen der Resorptionsmechanismen, aber auch psychische Veränderungen beeinflussen die Indikationsstellung und das Outcome der Patienten wesentlich.

• Die Zunahme an endoskopischen, chirurgischen und auch robotisch assistierten Interventions- bzw. Operationsmethoden in diesem Spezialgebiet erfordert jedoch von allen operativen Fächern eine breite Kenntnis, nicht zuletzt im OP-vorbereitenden, unmittelbar perioperativen wie auch nachsorgenden Management der jeweils fachspezifisch eigenen oder begleitend für die adipositasassoziierte Basisdiagnose – darauf ist bereits früh in der ärztlichen Ausbildung und Qualifikation, auf die Themen sensibilisierend, hinzuarbeiten.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Aufnahme der komplexen Lehrinhalte der Adipositas- und metabolischen Chirurgie in die chirurgische Lehre und in die allgemein- sowie viszeralchirurgische Facharztausbildung ist essenziell, um zukunftsorientiert hinsichtlich der Entwicklung des Fachgebiets gewappnet zu sein.

Abstract

Aim

In teaching, obesity and metabolic surgery play only a limited role. However, due to the rapidly increasing number of surgical interventions, communication of knowledge in the study of human medicine as well as in gastroenterological and surgical residency (general and abdominal surgery) is required.

Method

Narrative review.

Results (Corner Points)

• Currently, lectures on obesity and metabolic surgery do not belong to the current surgical curriculum of human medicine at all University Medical Schools, which needs to be absolutely established step by step – based on their topicality and importance in the clinical spectrum of clinical care.

• This rapidly developing special area of abdominal surgery is characterized by specific and diverse interdisciplinarity.

• Multimorbidity, changes in resorption mechanisms but also psychological changes have a substantial impact on the indication and patient outcome.

• The increase in endoscopic, surgical and also robotic interventions and surgical methods in this special field requires a broad knowledge of all surgical disciplines in intervention preparation, perioperative and follow-up management of obesity-associated basic diagnosis. This objective is important even in the study of human medicine and further advanced training.

Conclusion

The inclusion of such complex contents on obesity and metabolic surgery into surgical teaching and into residency of general and abdominal surgery is essential to be future-oriented and prepared for the development of the discipline.

Schlüsselwörter

Adipositaschirurgie - metabolische Chirurgie - Humanmedizinstudium - Weiterbildung - Fortbildung - chirurgische Lehre

Keywords

obesity surgery - metabolic surgery - study of human medicine - advanced training - continued education - surgical teaching

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