Einstellung, Verhaltensweisen und Wissen bezüglich Krafttraining in der Physiotherapie

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Aufgrund des multisystemischen Vorteils wird Krafttraining in der Rehabilitation und zur Leistungssteigerung regelmäßig in der Physiotherapie eingesetzt. Kritiker*innen bemängeln jedoch, dass viele Physiotherapeut*innen Krafttraining inadäquat in der Therapie praktizieren.

Ziel Untersuchung der Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen von Physiotherapeut*innen (PT) und Physiotherapieschüler*innen sowie -studierenden (PTS) in Bezug auf Krafttraining in Deutschland. Dabei soll der Wissensstand erfasst und Faktoren, die diesen beeinflussen, identifiziert werden.

Methode Mittels einer anonymen fragebogenbasierten Querschnittsstudie wurden die Kategorien Proband*innencharakteristik sowie Einstellung und Verhalten zum Krafttraining erhoben. Die Einstellung und das Verhalten während sowie außerhalb des Therapiesettings wurde evaluiert. Zudem wurde ein aus 13 Fragen bestehender Wissensteil durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zwischen PT und PTS wurden verglichen. Mithilfe logistischer Regression wurde überprüft, ob gewisse Verhaltensweisen (z. B. eigenständige Durchführung von Krafttraining), Einstellungen (z. B. Einschätzen der eigenen Fähigkeiten ein Krafttraining anzuleiten) oder demographische Merkmale (z. B. Berufserfahrung) den Wissensstand beeinflussen.

Ergebnisse 307 PT und 279 PTS nahmen an der Umfrage teil. Sie erachten Krafttraining als wichtig und fühlen sich sicher, dieses anzuleiten. Die schulische Ausbildung bereitet in ihren Augen inadäquat darauf vor, ein Krafttraining zu planen. 34 % der PT und 20 % der PTS konnten ≥ 60 % der Fragen im Wissensteil richtig beantworten. PT, welche die WHO-Empfehlungen, mindestens zweimal wöchentlich ein Krafttraining durchzuführen, umsetzen, haben eine größere Wahrscheinlichkeit, einen höheren Wissensstand im Bereich Krafttraining aufzuweisen. Männliche PTS und PTS, die der Meinung sind, dass Krafttraining in ihrer Profession richtig angewendet wird, haben mit größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit einen höheren Wissensstand.

Schlussfolgerung PT und PTS leiten regelmäßig Krafttrainingsübungen im Therapiealltag an. Es ist ihnen wichtig, die Muskelkraft ihrer Patient*innen zu verbessern. Der Wissensstand war zumindest in dieser Studie defizitär. Das eigenständige aktive Durchführen von Krafttraining scheint eine ideale Voraussetzung zu sein, damit dieses in der therapeutischen Praxis kompetent angewendet werden kann.

Abstract

Background Due to its multisystemic benefits, strength training is regularly used in rehabilitation and performance enhancement in physiotherapy. However, there has been discussion about whether physical therapists utilize strength training adequately.

Aim To investigate the attitudes and practices of physiotherapists (PT) and physiotherapy students (PTS) in Germany regarding strength training, including their level of knowledge and influencing factors.

Methods Using an anonymous questionnaire-based cross-sectional study, the categories of participant’s characteristics, attitudes, and behaviour towards strength training were collected. Attitudes and behaviours in therapeutic settings and their spare time activities were recorded. A knowledge section, consisting of 13 questions, was conducted. Results were compared between PT and PTS. Binomial logistic regression was used to examine whether certain behaviours (e. g. participation in strength training), attitudes (e. g. self-assessing their ability to guide strength training) or demographic characteristics (e. g. professional experience) influenced the level of knowledge.

Results 307 PT and 279 PTS participated in the survey. Improving the muscular strength of their patients is important to them. They feel confident in their abilities to prescribe strength training. Professional education didn’t prepare them optimally to prescribe and train patients on strength training. 34 % of PT and 20 % of PTS scored ≥ 60 % on knowledge items. Participants, who didn’t follow the WHO strength training recommendations to perform it at least twice a week, tended to have lower strength training knowledge. PTS who believe strength training is properly applied in their profession or male students exhibited higher levels of knowledge.

Conclusion PT and PTS regularly guide strength training exercises, emphasizing the importance of improving their patients’ muscle strength. However, their level of knowledge, at least in the knowledge section of this study, was low. Performing strength training regularly appears to be essential to apply it competently in therapeutic practice.

Schlüsselwörter

Krafttraining - körperliche Aktivität - Physiotherapie

Keywords

strength training - physical activity - physical therapy

Publication History

Received: 29 April 2024

Accepted: 30 January 2025

Article published online:
19 March 2025

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