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Am J Perinatol 2025; 42(03): 355-362
DOI: 10.1055/a-2358-9770
Original Article

Recurrence Risk of Pregnancy Complications in Twin and Singleton Deliveries

Marion Granger 
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
,
Maria Sevoyan
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
,
Nansi S. Boghossian
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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Funding This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Contract numbers: HHSN275200800002I, HHSN27500004); the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (R01MD016012); the National Institutes of Health-funded Behavioral Biomedical Interface Program at the University of South Carolina.
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Abstract

Objective This study aimed to estimate and compare the recurrence risk of preterm birth (PTB), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational hypertension (GH), and preeclampsia and eclampsia (PE and E) in subsequent pregnancy groups (index–subsequent) of singleton–singleton (n = 49,868), twin–singleton (n = 448), and singleton–twin (n = 723) pregnancies.

Study Design Birthing individuals from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Consecutive Pregnancy Study (2002–2010) with ≥ 2 singleton or twin deliveries were examined. Adjusted relative risks (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for recurrent PTB, GDM, GH, and PE and E were estimated using Poisson regression models with robust variance estimators.

Results The aRR of PTB and GDM ranged from 1.4 to 5.1 and 5.2 to 22.7, respectively, with the greatest recurrence relative risk for both conditions in singleton–singleton subsequent pregnancies (PTB: aRR = 5.1 [95% CI: 4.8–5.5], GDM: aRR = 22.7 [95% CI: 20.8–24.8]). The aRR of GH and PE and E ranged from 2.8 to 7.6 and 3.2 to 9.2, respectively, with the greatest recurrence relative risk for both conditions in twin–singleton subsequent pregnancies (GH: aRR = 7.6 [95% CI: 2.8–20.5], PE and E: aRR = 9.2 [95% CI: 2.9–28.6]).

Conclusion Recurrence relative risk was increased for PTB, GDM, GH, and PE and E in all subsequent pregnancy groups, which varied in magnitude based on the birth number of the index and subsequent pregnancy. This information provides insight into risk management for subsequent pregnancies including multiples.

Key Points

  • Recurrence risk for all conditions is persistent in all subsequent pregnancy groups.

  • The magnitude of risk varies by the presence of multiples in the index or subsequent pregnancy.

  • Singleton–singleton pregnancies are at the greatest risk of PTB.

  • Singleton–singleton pregnancies are at the greatest risk of GDM.

  • Twin–singleton pregnancies are at the greatest risk of hypertensive disorders.

Keywords

recurrence - preterm birth - diabetes - hypertension - preeclampsia and eclampsia

Supplementary Material



Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 31. Mai 2024

Angenommen: 29. Juni 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
02. Juli 2024

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
23. Juli 2024

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