Abstract
This narrative mini-review discusses the association between peroneal nerve
entrapment (PEN) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Generally, PEN is not a common
cause of peripheral neuropathy in DM. Poor glycaemic control and DM duration are
powerful risk factors for PEN. Underlying mechanisms involve neurodegeneration
and entrapment of the peroneal nerve. Patients tend to present with chronic leg
pain, gradual foot drop, steppage gait, or weakness of ankle dorsiflexion.
Electrodiagnostic and imaging studies are very useful in diagnosis to determine
the level at which entrapment occurs. Treatment varies based on the aetiology
and severity of symptoms. It is initially conservative. Surgical nerve
decompression management is required when entrapment is refractory to
non-operative options.
Keywords
peroneal nerve entrapment - peroneal nerve palsy - foot drop - diabetes mellitus -
diagnosis - nerve conduction study - treatment
