Endoscopy 2009; 41(5): 462-467
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214594
Expert approach

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Magnifying endoscopy for diagnosing and delineating early gastric cancer

K.  Yao1 , G.  K.  Anagnostopoulos2 , K.  Ragunath3
  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino-city, Fukuoka, Japan
  • 2Endoscopy Department, Mitera Hospital, Athens, Greece
  • 3Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, and Biomedical Research Unit, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
05 May 2009 (online)

We describe the basic principles and clinical usefulness of modern magnifying endoscopy techniques, using white-light imaging or narrow-band imaging, for precise diagnosis of small flat gastric cancers. Regarding technology, first, the resolution provided by the endoscope is important in order to consistently visualize the precise morphology of microvascular architecture, and second, the use of a distal attachment (soft hood or cap) is essential in order to maintain a constant distance between the tip of the scope and the mucosal surface. Regarding methodology, a systematic but simple classification system based on microvascular pattern and microsurface pattern (the ”VS classification”) is proposed. The technique based on the principles described here can be applied not only in routine endoscopic examination but also in the detailed preoperative assessment of the lateral extent of early gastric cancer, before endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

References

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K. YaoMD, PhD 

Department of Gastroenterology
Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital

1-1-1 Zokumyoin, Chikushi city
Fukuoka 818-8502
Japan

Fax: +82929292630

Email: yao@fukuoka-u.ac.jp