Abstract
The first organocatalytic synthesis of terminal propargylic amines
from aldehydes via tandem amination/Seyferth-Gilbert
alkynylation has been developed. The described protocol provides
the formal addition products of acetylene (HC≡CH) to aliphatic
imines, which are not easily obtained directly.
Key words
amination - organocatalysis - Seyferth-Gilbert
alkynylation - tandem reactions - terminal propargylamines
References and Notes
For reviews, see:
1a
Trost BM.
Weiss AH.
Adv.
Synth. Catal.
2009,
351:
963
1b
Zani L.
Bolm C.
Chem. Commun.
2006,
4263
2
Wright JL.
Gregory TF.
Kesten SP.
Boxer PA.
Serpa KA.
Meltzer LT.
Wise LD.
Espitia SA.
Konkoy CS.
Whittemore ER.
Woodward RM.
J.
Med. Chem.
2000,
43:
3408
For selected examples, see:
3a
Wei C.-M.
Li C.-J.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2002,
124:
5638
3b
Koradin C.
Polborn K.
Knochel P.
Angew.
Chem. Int. Ed.
2002,
41:
2535
3c
Gommermann N.
Koradin C.
Polborn K.
Knochel P.
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2003,
42:
5763
3d
Knopfel TF.
Aschwanden P.
Ichikawa T.
Watanabe T.
Carreira EM.
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2004,
42:
5971
3e
Wei C.-M.
Mague JT.
Li C.-J.
Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
2004,
101:
5749
3f
Colombo F.
Benaglia M.
Orlandi S.
Usuelli F.
J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem.
2006,
260:
128
3g
Colombo F.
Benaglia M.
Orlandi S.
Usuelli F.
Celentano G.
J.
Org. Chem.
2006,
71:
2064
3h
Dodda R.
Zhao C.-G.
Org. Lett.
2007,
9:
165
3i
Dodda R.
Zhao C.-G.
Tetrahedron Lett.
2007,
48:
4339
3j
Ji J.-X.
Yeung TTLA.
Wu J.
Yip CW.
Chan ASC.
Adv. Synth. Catal.
2004,
346:
42
3k
Ji J.-X.
Wu J.
Chan ASC.
Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
2005,
102:
11196
3l
Zhou L.
Jiang H.-F.
Li C.-J.
Adv.
Synth. Catal.
2008,
350:
2226
3m
Bisai A.
Singh VK.
Org. Lett.
2006,
8:
2405
3n
Rueping M.
Antonchick AP.
Brinkmann C.
Angew. Chem.
Int. Ed.
2007,
46:
6903
3o
Blay G.
Cardona L.
Climent E.
Pedro JR.
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2008,
47:
5593
3p
Irmaka M.
Boysena MMK.
Adv. Synth.
Catal.
2008,
350:
403
3q
Hatano M.
Asai T.
Ishihara K.
Tetrahedron
Lett.
2008,
49:
379
3r
Liu J.
Liu B.
Jia X.
Li X.
Chan ASC.
Tetrahedron:
Asymmetry
2007,
18:
396
3s
Wang J.
Shao Z.-H.
Ding K.
Yu WY.
Chan ASC.
Adv.
Synth. Catal.
2009,
351:
1250
3t
Lu Y.-D.
Johnstone TC.
Arndtsen BA.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2009,
131:
11284 ; see also ref. 5
For general reviews, see:
4a
Bertelsen S.
Jørgensen KA.
Chem.
Soc. Rev.
2009,
38:
2178
4b
Dondoni A.
Massi A.
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2008,
47:
4638
4c
Dalko PI.
Enantioselective Organocatalysis:
Reactions and Experimental Procedures
Wiley-VCH;
Weinheim:
2007.
4d
Berkessel A.
Groger H.
Asymmetric
Organocatalysis-From Biomimetic Concepts to Powerful Methods for Asymmetric
Synthesis
Wiley-VCH;
Weinheim:
2005.
4e
Dalko PI.
Moisan L.
Angew. Chem.
Int. Ed.
2004,
43:
5138
For excellent examples of metal-catalyzed
synthesis of propargylic amines using silylacetylene as pre-nucleophiles, see:
5a
Fischer C.
Carreira EM.
Org. Lett.
2001,
3:
4319
5b
Gommermann N.
Knochel P.
Chem. Commun.
2004,
2324
5c
Gommermann N.
Knochel P.
Tetrahedron
2005,
61:
11418
5d
Traverse JF.
Hoveyda AH.
Snapper
ML.
Org. Lett.
2003,
5:
3273
6a
Shao Z.-H.
Pu X.-W.
Li X.-J.
Fan B.-M.
Chan
ASC.
Tetrahedron:
Asymmetry
2009,
20:
225
6b
Shao Z.-H.
Wang J.
Ding K.
Chan ASC.
Adv. Synth. Catal.
2007,
349:
2375
6c
Shao Z.-H.
Chan ASC.
Synthesis
2008,
2868
For a general review on chiral primary
amine-catalyzed reactions, see:
7a For examples, see: Peng F.-Z.
Shao
Z.-H.
J.
Mol. Catal. A: Chem.
2008,
285:
1
7b
Peng F.-Z.
Shao Z.-H.
Fan B.-M.
Song H.
Li G.-P.
Zhang H.-B.
J. Org. Chem.
2008,
73:
5202
7c
Peng F.-Z.
Shao Z.-H.
Pu X.-W.
Zhang H.-B.
Adv. Synth. Catal.
2008,
350:
2199
7d
Pu X.-W.
Li P.-H.
Peng F.-Z.
Li X.-J.
Zhang H.-B.
Shao Z.-H.
Eur. J. Org. Chem.
2009,
4622
8 For a review on the concept of catalysis
through combining transition-metals and organocatalysis, see: Shao ZH.
Zhang H.-B.
Chem.
Soc. Rev.
2009,
38:
2745
9a
Bogevig A.
Juhl K.
Kumaragurubaran N.
Zhuang W.
Jorgensen KA.
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2002,
41:
1790
9b
List B.
J.
Am. Chem. Soc.
2002,
124:
5656
9c
Chowdari NS.
Barbas CF.
Org.
Lett.
2005,
7:
867
9d
Suri JT.
Steiner DD.
Barbas CF.
Org. Lett.
2005,
7:
3885
9e
Franzen J.
Marigo M.
Fielenbach D.
Wabnitz TC.
Kjærsgaard A.
Jørgensen KA.
J.
Am. Chem. Soc.
2005,
127:
18296
9f
Marigo M.
Schulte T.
Franzen J.
Jørgensen KA.
J. Am.
Chem. Soc.
2005,
127:
15710
10a
Ohira S.
Synth. Commun.
1989,
19:
561
10b
Müller S.
Liepold B.
Roth GJ.
Bestmann HJ.
Synlett
1996,
521
11
Jiang H.
Falcicchio A.
Jensen KL.
Paixao MW.
Bertelsen S.
Jørgensen KA.
J. Am.
Chem. Soc.
2009,
131:
7153
12
Ding H.
Friestad GK.
Org. Lett.
2004,
6:
637
13 Coutts R, Baker G, Sloley D, Shan J, and Pang PKT. inventors;
US
Patent 6060516.
14 Typical procedure for one-pot, tandem α-amination-alkynylation
of aldehydes: Proline (0.1 mmol, 10 mol%) was added to
a stirring solution of aldehyde 1a (1 mmol)
and DIAD (1 mmol) in CH2 Cl2 (3 mL). After
2 h of vigorous stirring at r.t., MeOH (15 mL), Ohira-Bestmann
reagent (1.2 mmol, 1.2 equiv) and K2 CO3 (2
mmol, 2 equiv) were added. After stirring for 12 h at r.t., the
reaction mixture was diluted with Et2 O. The excess solvents
were removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified
by flash silica gel chromatography to give the desired product 2a . IR (film): 3254, 2985, 1743, 1678,
1529, 1417, 1233, 1109 cm-¹ ; ¹ H NMR
(300 MHz, CDCl3 ): δ = 6.39 (br s, 1 H),
5.06 (br s, 1 H), 4.89 (sept, J = 6.2
Hz, 2 H), 2.23 (s, 1 H), 1.36 (d, J = 6.9 Hz,
3 H), 1.18 (d, J = 6.1
Hz, 12 H); ¹³ C NMR (75 MHz,
CDCl3 ): δ = 156.1, 154.7, 82.1, 71.5,
70.6, 69.8, 45.8, 22.0, 21.9, 19.2; HRMS (ESI): m /z [M + H]+ calcd
for C12 H20 N2 O4 : 257.1496;
found: 257.1490.