Abstract
N -Methylisoxazolidines are formed
in good yields and high regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivity
via asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones with enals
catalyzed by a chiral ruthenium Lewis acid. Electronic effects in
the dipole are the key to activation of these substrates for efficient
catalysis.
Key words
asymmetric catalysis - Lewis acid - ruthenium -
N -methyl nitrones - 1,3-dipolar
cycloaddition
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12 Optimization of the reaction conditions
was performed with 3e and 2 in
the presence of 5 mol% of (R ,R )-1 . Screening showed -5 ˚C
to be the optimal temperature for this combination of substrates
and catalyst. Parallel runs in anhyd and commercial grade CH2 Cl2 ,
respectively, led to the same result (85% yield, 94:6 endo /exo ,
92% ee); consequently, solvent screening was done with
nondried, undistilled, commercial grade solvents. The same results
as above were obtained with THF and EtOAc. Lower yields (60%)
and selectivities were obtained when using CHCl3 (>95:5 endo /exo ,
81% ee) or toluene (84:16 endo /exo , 90% ee). Alcohols, DMF,
DMSO, or acetone led to extensive decomposition of the nitrone.
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15 Crystallographic data for compound 4d have been deposited with the Cambridge
Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication CCDC-773807.
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