Die meisten Zervixkarzinome sind auf die HPV (humane Papillomviren)-Genotypen
16 oder 18, anogenitale Warzen fast immer auf die HPV-Genotypen
6 oder 11 zurückzuführen. In placebokontrollierten
Studien ließen sich Infektionen und assoziierte klinische
Läsionen durch einen Impfstoff gegen HPV (6, 11, 16, 18)
bei primär nicht infizierten Frauen nahezu vollständig
verhindern. Neue Daten zeigen jedoch, dass auch Frauen, die sexuell
aktiv sind bzw. bereits eine Infektion durchgemacht haben, von der
Impfung profitieren. Diese Ergebnisse implizieren den Nutzen einer
generellen HPV-Impfung bei sexuell aktiven Frauen.
Summary
Most cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV)
genotypes 16 or 18, while almost all the anogenital warts are related
to HPV 6 and 11. In placebo-controlled trials, a vaccine against
HPV (6, 11, 16, 18) almost completely prevented infections and associated
clinical lesions in primarily not infected women. Furthermore, new
data demonstrate that sexually active women, as well as those with
prior infection, also benefit from the vaccine. These results suggest
that a general vaccination programme for sexually active women will
be beneficial.
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