Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Die Wertigkeit der Leberresektion im Rahmen eines onko-chirurgischen Therapiekonzeptes bei Patienten mit nicht kolorektalen, nicht neuroendokrinen Lebermetastasen ist nach wie vor unklar. Obwohl die Zahl der publizierten Fälle deutlich gestiegen ist, sind Rückschlüsse aufgrund der Heterogenität der eingeschlossenen Patienten häufig nur schwer möglich. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, die Wertigkeit der Leberresektion bei nicht kolorektalen, nichtneuroendokrinen Lebermetastasen zu überprüfen und mögliche Einflussfaktoren zu identifizieren, um Patienten mit guter Prognose in Zukunft besser identifizieren zu können. Methoden: Anhand der Operationsdokumentation wurden diejenigen Patienten retrospektiv analysiert, die zwischen 1994 und 2008 in der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover aufgrund nicht kolorektaler, nicht neuroendokriner Lebermetastasen operiert wurden. Ergebnisse: Zwischen Januar 1994 und Dezember 2008 wurden 273 Leberresektionen aufgrund nicht kolorektaler, nicht neuroendokriner Lebermetastasen bei 242 Patienten durchgeführt. Die Gesamtmorbiditätsrate lag bei 20,9 % (n = 57), die 30-Tages-Mortalitätsrate bei 2,2 % (n = 6). Das Gesamtüberleben aller Patienten nach 1, 3, 5 und 10 Jahren lag bei 76 %, 42 %, 28 % sowie 13 %. In der multivariaten Analyse zeigten sich der Residualstatus (R0 versus R2; p = 0,001) und der Zeitpunkt des Auftretens der Metastasen (synchron / metachron; p = 0,005) als signifikante Prognosefaktoren. Nicht signifikant waren Alter, Art der Leberresektion, Anzahl und Größe der Metastasen. Entsprechend der unterschiedlichen Tumorentitäten unterschieden sich die Überlebensraten. Gruppen mit eher günstiger Prognose fanden sich bei Patienten mit Lebermetastasen gynäkologischer und urologischer Primarien, wohingegen Patienten, deren Primarius im Gastrointestinaltrakt gelegen war, einen eher ungünstigen Verlauf aufwiesen. Schlussfolgerung: Die eigenen Daten und der Vergleich mit der aktuellen Literatur zeigen, dass auch bei nicht kolorektalen, nicht neuroendokrinen Lebermetastasen eine Leberresektion sicher und sinnvoll durchführbar ist. Ist die systemische Grundkrankheit gut kontrolliert, sollte die Leberresektion einen festen Stellenwert in einem individuellem onko-chirurgischem Therapiekonzept besitzen.
Abstract
Background: The value of hepatic resection for non-colorectal, non-neuroendocrine liver metastases remains controversial and is still under debate. Although there are numerous reported cases, the results are inconsistent due to the heterogeneity of the enrolled patients. The aim of the present study was to determine the utility of liver resection in the long-term outcome of patients with non-colorectal, non-neuroendocrine liver metastases and to define prognostic factors predicting long-term survivors. Methods: The records of patients undergoing liver resection for non-colorectal, non-neuroendocrine liver metastases between January 1994 and December 2008 were analysed. Patient demographics, tumour characteristics, type of resection, long-term outcome and prognostic factors were analysed. Results: Between 1994 and December 2008 273 liver resections were performed in 242 patients because of non-colorectal, non-neuroendocrine liver metastases. The morbidity rate was 20.9 % (n = 57), the mortality rate was 2.2 % (n = 6). Patient survival at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years was 76 %, 42 %, 28 % and 13 %, respectively. In multivariate analyses margin status (R0 vs. R2; p = 0.001) and time to metastases (synchronous vs. metachronous) were predictors of survival. Patient’s age, type of resection, number and size of metastases did not achieve significance. According to the primary tumour site, patient survival differed. Patients with urological and gynaecological primary tumours faired better whereas patients with liver metastases from gastrointestinal primary tumours did worse without reaching statistical significance. Conclusion: Liver resection for non-colorectal, non-neuroendocrine liver metastases is safe and effective. For individual patients with controlled systemic disease, liver resection can offer appropriate survival rates and should be a part of the onco-surgical treatment.
Schlüsselwörter
Lebermetastasen - Leberresektion - nicht kolorektal - nicht neuroendokrin
Key words
liver metastases - liver resection - non-colorectal - non-neuroendocrine
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Dr. F. Lehner
Medizinsche Hochschule Hannover · Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie
Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1
30625 Hannover
Deutschland
Phone: +49 / 5 11 / 5 32 65 34
Fax: +49 / 5 11 / 5 32 40 10
Email: lehner.frank@mh-hannover.de