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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1225366
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Auswirkung eines Vibrations- und Krafttrainings auf die Beinmuskulatur bei Gonarthrosepatienten
Efficiency of Vibration or Strength Training for Knee Stability in Osteoarthritis of the KneePublication History
Publication Date:
01 July 2009 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Aufgrund steigender Lebenserwartung nimmt die Inzidenz der Gonarthrose zu, Krafttraining gilt als etablierte therapeutische Maßnahme. Ziel war es, im Vergleich dazu die Effektivität des Vibrationstrainings zu überprüfen.
Patienten und Methoden: Aus 39 Teilnehmern von Gonarthrosesportgruppen wurden 39 Patienten randomisiert in eine Vibrationstrainingsgruppe, eine Krafttrainingsgruppe und in eine Kontrollgruppe eingeteilt. Das Krafttraining für die Oberschenkelmuskulatur fand 8 Wochen lang zweimal pro Woche über 45 min, das Vibrationstraining über 16 min mit gleicher Häufigkeit statt. Vor und nach dem Training wurde die isometrische Maximalkraft der Extensoren bei 60° Knieflexion und die isokinetische Flexions- und Extensionskraft bei 60°/s in der Konzentrik beider Beine gemessen. Aufgrund der Anamnese erfolgte eine Unterscheidung in ein mehr oder weniger von der Gonarthrose betroffenes Bein. Während des Trainings wurde täglich ein Schmerztagebuch geführt.
Ergebnisse: Die isometrische Extensionskraft nahm in beiden Interventionsgruppen signifikant zu, aber nur in der Vibrationsgruppe ausgeprägter am betroffenen Bein. Die isokinetische Flexions- und Extensionskraft nahm in beiden Gruppen ebenfalls signifikant zu, in der Vibrationsgruppe etwas ausgeprägter die Flexion. Während der Intervention gingen die Gonarthrose bedingten Schmerzen in beiden Gruppen zurück. In der Kontrollgruppe fanden sich zu allen Messungen keine signifikanten Veränderungen.
Schlussfolgerung: Vibrationstraining zeigt sich bei Gonarthrosepatienten gleichwertig zum herkömmlichen Krafttraining im Hinblick auf Kraftentwicklung und Schmerzreduktion, erscheint aber im Hinblick auf den weniger als halb so hohen Zeitaufwand effektiver.
Abstract
Background: The diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the knee is becoming more common as life expectancy increases. Strength training has been proven to be an effective treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of whole body vibration in comparison to strength training to treat patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. 39 persons participating in special outpatient groups for osteoarthritis of the knee agreed to take part in the study. They were randomly distributed into a vibration group (15), a strength training group (15) and a control group (9). The traditional strength training for the thigh muscles was performed twice a week for 45 min, and the vibration training was also done twice a week for 16 min for a total of 8 weeks. Before and after training, the isometric strengths for the extensors were measured at 60° knee flexion and the isokinetic strengths for flexion and extension at 60°/s in the concentric mode for both legs. Based on the anamnesis the legs were defined as the more effected and the less effected leg. During the training period, knee pain was monitored daily using a visual scale.
Results: Isometric extension strength increased in both groups significantly, with slightly more increase seen in the effected leg of the vibration group. The isokinetic flexion and extension strength also increased in both groups; flexion strength increasing slightly more in the vibration group. During the intervention pain decreased in both groups. In the control group, no significant changes occurred at any measurement points.
Conclusion: Vibration training yields similar results as traditional strength training for strength gain and reduction of pain, but is more efficient with respect to the training time necessary.
Schlüsselwörter
Krafttraining - Vibrationstraining - Gonarthrose - Prävention - Rehabilitation
Key words
strength training - vibration training - osteoarthritis - prevention - rehabilitation
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Korrespondenzadresse
Dr. W. Rapp
Medizinische Universitätsklinik Tübingen
Abteilung Sportmedizin
Silcherstraße 5
72076 Tübingen
Phone: 07071 2986470
Fax: 07071 295162
Email: walter.rapp@med.uni-tuebingen.de