Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245785
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Effectiveness and Safety of PRECISE APC for the Treatment of Bleeding Gastrointestinal Angiodysplasia – a Retrospective Evaluation
Effektivität und Sicherheit des APC-Modus PRECISE bei der Behandlung gastrointestinaler Angiodysplasien – eine retrospektive AnalysePublication History
manuscript received: 13.5.2010
manuscript accepted: 29.9.2010
Publication Date:
04 February 2011 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Bei der APC (Argon-Plasma-Coagulation) handelt es sich um ein thermisches Ablationsverfahren. Dabei wird durch ionisiertes Gas (Argon-Plasma) Hochfrequenzenergie übertragen, dies führt zur Koagulation des Gewebes. Der PRECISE-Modus ist ein neuer Modus mit vergleichsweise geringem Energieeintrag und besserer Reproduzierbarkeit der thermischen Gewebeeffekte. Diese sind unabhängig vom Abstand der Sondenspitze zum Gewebe durch eine automatische Nachregulation des Generators während der Applikation. Folge ist eine nur mäßige Erhitzung des Gewebes und ein begrenzter Tiefeneffekt. Das Ziel der Studie ist die Evaluation des PRECISE-Modus bei Patienten mit Angiodysplasien im Zökum und/oder Dünndarm. Methodik: 94 Patienten wurden eingeschlossen. Die Effektivität und Sicherheit des PRECISE-Modus wurden auf der Basis des lokalen Koagulationseffekts, der Rate an Re-Blutungen und Transfusionen sowie der Komplikationen (Infektion, Perforation) analysiert. Resultate: Es wurden 44 weibliche und 50 männliche Patienten aufgenommen, medianes Alter 65,5 ± 8,5 Jahre. 58 Patienten (62 %) boten Läsionen im Dünndarm, 28 (30 %) im Zökum und bei 8 (8 %) Patienten fanden sich Läsionen sowohl im Zökum als auch Dünndarm. Alle 234 Läsionen von 94 Patienten konnten erfolgreich koaguliert werden. Es fanden sich keine Perforationen, Blutungen oder Gewebe-Karbonisationen nach der Applikation. Re-Blutungen traten bei 18 (19 %) Patienten nach einem medianen Follow-up von 6,1 Monaten auf, neue Läsionen in gleicher Lokalisation fanden sich bei 15/18 (16 %) Patienten. Diskussion: Im Vergleich zu den bekannten APC-Modi FORCED und PULSED scheint der PRECISE-Modus besonders geeignet für die Behandlung blutender Angiodysplasien in „kritischen” dünnwandigen Lokalisationen wie Zökum und Dünndarm. Der Koagulationseffekt ist vergleichbar effektiv, bei allerdings besserer thermischer Tiefenkontrolle und damit höherer Sicherheit.
Abstract
Background: APC is a thermal coagulation technique that uses ionized argon to transmit high-frequency electrical current, contact-free, to tissue. Precise APC is one of the new modes and is characterized by a small and distinctive energy input, higher reproducibility of tissue effects which is almost independent of the probe distance. The aim of the study was the evaluation of precise APC in patients with bleeding angiodysplasia’s in the cecum or the small bowel. Aim/Methods: Patients (pts.) with bleeding angiodysplasia of the cecum or small bowel were prospectively enrolled. Effectivity and safety of APC was assessed by evaluating the local coagulation effect, number of rebleedings and transfusions and complications (perforation, infection). Results: There were 50 males and 44 females, median age 65.5 ± 8.5 years. 58 pts. (62 %) had lesions in the small bowel, 28 pts. (30 %) lesions in the cecum and 8 pts. (8 %) lesions in small bowel and cecum. All 234 visible lesions in 94 pts. were coagulated successfully. There was no perforation, active bleeding and tissue carbonization after the procedure. Re-bleeding was recognized in 18 pts. (19 %) after a mean follow-up of 6.1 months and new lesions in the same area were seen in 15 / 18 pts (16 %). Conclusion: In a historical comparison to forced or pulsed APC, precise APC may be a more appropriate option for the treatment of bleeding angiodysplasia’s in critical locations like the cecum or small bowel. The coagulation effect seems to be comparable and due to its better depth control we assume a better safety, especially in preventing perforations.
Schlüsselwörter
Angiodysplasie - gastrointestinale Blutung - Argon-Plasma-Coagulation - PRECISE APC
Key words
angiodysplasia - gastrointestinal bleeding - argon-plasma coagulation - PRECISE APC
References
- 1
Brand E, Pearlman N.
Electrosurgical debulking of ovarian cancer: a new technique using the argon beam
coagulator.
Gynecol Oncol.
1990;
39
115-118
MissingFormLabel
- 2
Link W J, Incropera F P, Glover J L.
The plasma scalpel.
Med Prog Technol.
1976;
4
123-131
MissingFormLabel
- 3
Johanns W, Luis W, Janssen J et al.
Argon plasma coagulation (APC) in gastroenterology: experimental and clinical experiences.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol.
1997;
9
581-587
MissingFormLabel
- 4
Vargo J J.
Clinical applications of the argon plasma coagulator.
Gastrointest Endosc.
2004;
59
81-88
MissingFormLabel
- 5
Canard J M, Vedrenne B.
Clinical application of argon plasma coagulation in gastrointestinal endoscopy: has
the time come to replace the laser?.
Endoscopy.
2001;
33
353-357
MissingFormLabel
- 6
Frank J, Queck J, Koukaki S et al.
New argon plasma coagulation modes and first unicentric clinical experiences in gastrointestinal
endoscopy.
Endoskopie heute.
2006;
19
15-22
MissingFormLabel
- 7
Wahab P J, Mulder C J, den Hartog G et al.
Argon plasma coagulation in flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy: pilot experiences.
Endoscopy.
1997;
29
176-181
MissingFormLabel
- 8
Ginsberg G G, Barkun A N, Bosco J J et al.
The argon plasma coagulator.
Gastrointest Endosc.
2002;
55
807-810
MissingFormLabel
- 9
Olmos J A, Marcolongo M, Pogorelsky V et al.
Long-term outcome of argon plasma coagulation therapy for bleeding in 100 consecutive
patients with colonic angiodysplasia.
Dis Colon Rectum.
2006;
49
1507-1516
MissingFormLabel
- 10
Saperas E, Videla S, Dot J et al.
Risk factors for recurrence of acute gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol.
2009;
21
1333-1339
MissingFormLabel
- 11
Regula J, Wronska E, Pachlewski J.
Vascular lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol.
2008;
22
313-328
MissingFormLabel
- 12
Sumiyama K, Kaise M, Kato M et al.
New generation argon plasma coagulation in flexible endoscopy: Ex vivo study and clinical
experience.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol.
2006;
21
1122-1128
MissingFormLabel
- 13
Manner H, May A, Faerber M et al.
Safety and efficacy of a new high power argon plasma coagulation system (hp-APC) in
lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Dig Liver Dis.
2006;
38
471-478
MissingFormLabel
- 14
Manner H, May A, Rabenstein T et al.
Prospective evaluation of a new high-power argon plasma coagulation system (hp-APC)
in therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Scand J Gastroenterol.
2007;
42
397-405
MissingFormLabel
- 15
Manner H, May A, Faerber M et al.
The tissue effect of second generation argon plasma coagulation (VIO APC) in comparison
to standard APC and Nd:YAG laser in vitro.
Acta Gastroenterol Belg.
2007;
70
352-356
MissingFormLabel
- 16
Eickhoff A, Jakobs R, Schilling D et al.
Prospective nonrandomized comparison of two modes of argon beamer (APC) tumor desobstruction:
effectiveness of the new PULSED APC versus FORCED APC.
Endoscopy.
2007;
39
637-642
MissingFormLabel
- 17
Manner H, Enderle M D, Pech O et al.
Second-generation argon plasma coagulation: two-center experience with 600 patients.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol.
2008;
23
872-878
MissingFormLabel
- 18
Mulder C J, den Hartog G, Robijn R J et al.
Flexible endoscopic treatment of Zenker’s diverticulum: a new approach.
Endoscopy.
1995;
27
438-442
MissingFormLabel
- 19
Sato T, Yamazaki K, Toyota J et al.
Efficacy of argon plasma coagulation for gastric antral vascular ectasia associated
with chronic liver disease.
Hepatol Res.
2005;
32
121-126
MissingFormLabel
- 20
Pedrazzani C, Catalano F, Festini M et al.
Endoscopic ablation of Barrett’s esophagus using high power setting argon plasma coagulation:
a prospective study.
World J Gastroenterol.
2005;
11
1872-1875
MissingFormLabel
- 21
Manner H, May A, Miehlke S et al.
Ablation of nonneoplastic Barrett’s mucosa using argon plasma coagulation with concomitant
esomeprazole therapy (APBANEX): a prospective multicenter evaluation.
Am J Gastroenterol.
2006;
101
1762-1769
MissingFormLabel
- 22
Norton I D, Wang L, Levine S A et al.
Efficacy of colonic submucosal saline injection for the reduction of iatrogenic thermal
injury.
Gastrointest Endosc.
2002;
56
95-99
MissingFormLabel
- 23
Suzuki N, Arebi N, Saunders B P.
A novel method of treating colonic angiodysplasia.
Gastrointest Endosc.
2006;
64
424-427
MissingFormLabel
- 24
Kähler G F, Szyrach M N, Hieronymus A et al.
Investigation of the thermal tissue effects of the argon plasma coagulation modes
”pulsed” and ”precise” on the porcine esophagus, ex vivo and in vivo.
Gastrointest Endosc.
2009;
70
362-368
MissingFormLabel
- 25
Olmos J A, Marcolongo M, Pogorelsky V et al.
Argon plasma coagulation for prevention of recurrent bleeding from GI angiodysplasias.
Gastrointest Endosc.
2004;
60
881-886
MissingFormLabel
- 26
Kwan V, Bourke M J, Williams S J et al.
Argon plasma coagulation in the management of symptomatic gastrointestinal vascular
lesions: experience in 100 consecutive patients with long-term follow-up.
Am J Gastroenterol.
2006;
101
58-63
MissingFormLabel
- 27
Eickhoff A, Hartmann D, Eickhoff J C et al.
Pain sensation and neuromuscular stimulation during argon plasma coagulation in gastrointestinal
endoscopy.
Surg Endosc.
2008;
22
1701-1707
MissingFormLabel
PD Dr. Axel Eickhoff
Division of Gastroenterology, Klinikum Hanau
Leimenstr. 20
63450 Hanau
Germany
Phone: ++ 49/61 81/2 96 42 10
Fax: ++ 49/61 81/2 96 42 11
Email: axel_eickhoff@klinikum-hanau.de