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DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1251998
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Gammakameratechnik für die Myokardperfusionsszintigrafie
Recent Developments in Gamma Camera Technology for Myocardial Perfusion ScintigraphyPublication History
Publication Date:
31 May 2010 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Getriggert durch ökonomischen Druck, Konkurrenz durch Alternativverfahren und vermehrte Diskussion der Strahlenexposition von Patienten, hat in den letzten Jahren eine rasante Entwicklung der Technologie für die kardiale Einzelphotonenemissionstomografie (SPECT) stattgefunden. Der Trend geht dabei klar hin zu Systemen mit höherer Sensitivität und höherer Auflösung sowie hin zu schnelleren Aufnahmeprotokollen. Diese Ziele werden durch unterschiedliche Maßnahmen erreicht: Zum einen werden von verschiedenen Herstellern neue Halbleiterdetektormaterialien mit neuen Kollimationstechniken in dedizierte Herzkameras integriert. Zum anderen werden durch neue Kollimatoren und Rekonstruktionsalgorithmen auch konventionelle Kamerasysteme verbessert und beschleunigt. Hierdurch können Aufnahmezeiten auf bis zu 10% der vorherigen Standardprotokolle reduziert und/oder die applizierte Aktivität entsprechend verringert werden, ohne an diagnostischer Genauigkeit einzubüßen. Zwar befinden sich viele dieser Entwicklungen noch in der Anfangsphase der klinischen Einführung, ihr großes Potenzial für eine durchgreifende Veränderung der Praxis der Myokardperfusionsszintigrafie wird jedoch immer deutlicher.
Abstract
Economic pressure, competition from alternative modalities and an increasing awareness of patient radiation exposure have triggered a rapid development of novel technology for cardiac single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in recent years. The trend clearly goes towards systems with higher sensitivity and resolution, and towards faster acquisition protocols. Those goals are achieved by various measures: On the one hand, several manufacturers have integrated novel semiconductor detector materials together with innovative collimators into dedicated cardiac scanners. On the other hand, new collimators and reconstruction algorithms have lead to increased speed and accuracy of conventional gamma cameras. Imaging times now can be reduced to as much as 10% of that of previous standard protocols, and/or injected activity can be reduced. This is achieved without loss of diagnostic accuracy. These novel developments are still in early phases of clinical implementation. Their potential for a profound change of the clinical practice of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, however, becomes increasingly obvious.
Schlüsselwörter
Myokardperfusionsszintigrafie - Detektormaterialien - Bildrekonstruktion - schnelle SPECT-Akquisition
Key words
myocardial perfusion imaging - detector materials - image reconstruction - rapid SPECT acquisition
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Korrespondenzadresse
Prof. Dr. Frank M. Bengel
Johns Hopkins University
Russell H Morgan Department
0f Radiology
Division of Nuclear Medicine
601 N Caroline Street
JHOC 3225
21287 Baltimore Maryland
USA
Phone: +1/410/955 8994
Fax: +1/443/287 2933
Email: fbengel1@jhmi.edu