Closed-Loop-Systeme in der Diabetologie – An der Schwelle zum Durchbruch?

Seit den 1960er Jahren wird an der Entwicklung einer künstlichen Bauchspeicheldrüse gearbeitet, dem sogenannten Closed-Loop-System. Es entstand aus dem technischen Verständnis für einen geschlossenen Kreislauf von Glukosemessung, Insulinabgabe und dem sich daraus ergebenden metabolischen Zustand. Seit den Anfängen sind erhebliche Fortschritte gemacht worden, sodass erste Produkte nun an der Schwelle zur Marktfähigkeit stehen.

The presently most promising setup of a Closed-Loop system consists of an external insulin pump and subcutaneous glucose sensors. Both these hardware components are basically present. Increased sensitivity of the accuracy of measurement of the glucose sensors is desirable whereas their increased reliability is indispensable. In this respect the development of reliable, predictive algorithms for controlled insulin release is decisive. This is presently an experimental focal point of attention. Insulins that become effective within a still shorter period would reduce the uncertainty after insulin administration. The additional use of glucagon may also be considered. Experiments yielded a series of positive results.

Key words

insulin pumps - glucose sensors - closed-loop system - artificial pancreas - algorithms for insulin release - predictive algorithm

Literatur

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