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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1271587
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart ˙ New York
Stammzell-induzierte Leberregeneration
Stem Cell-Induced Liver RegenerationPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
15. November 2011 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Leber kann sich nach einer Teilresektion quantitativ und qualitativ sehr gut regenerieren. Unter einer bestimmten kritischen Grenze des prospektiven Leberrestvolumens (FLRV), geht eine Leberteilresektion dennoch mit einer großen Gefahr einer Lebersynthesestörung bis hin zur Leberinsuffizienz einher. Verschiedene Untersuchungen deuten auf einen wesentlichen Einfluss von Knochenmarksstammzellen (KMSZ) auf die Leberregeneration hin. Wir berichten hier über unsere Erfahrungen mit einer Kombination aus portalvenöser Embolisation (PVE) mit Applikation von CD133+-KMSZ in die prospektiv verbleibende Leber. Patienten und Methoden: Aufgrund eines zu niedrigen FLRV vor geplanter erweiterter Rechts-Hemihepatektomie bei einem Malignom der Leber musste bei 11 aufeinanderfolgenden Patienten eine PVE der Segmente I, IV–VIII zur Induktion einer Hypertrophie durchgeführt werden. Bei diesen 11 Patienten versprach die PVE alleine allerdings keine ausreichende Proliferation, da sie zusätzlich zu dem zu geringen FLRV auch noch Zeichen einer verminderten Leberparenchymqualität aufwiesen. Diese Patienten erhielten zusätzlich zur PVE autologe CD133+-KMSZ über die Portalvenenäste der Segmente II und III. Die Leber- und Tumorvolumina wurden mittels helikaler Computertomografie (CT) ermittelt. Die absolute, tägliche und relative Zunahme des Volumens wurden gemessen und mittels t-Test oder Wilcoxon-Test mit einem Kollektiv, welches nur eine PVE erhielt, verglichen. Ergebnisse: Bei den Patienten zeigte sich ein relativer Zuwachs der Segmente II und III von 77,3 % ± 38,2 % des gesamten Lebervolumens bzw. von 9,5 ± 4,3 mL pro Tag bis zur Resektion. Dies war signifikant mehr als bei dem historisch verglichenen Kollektiv mit PVE alleine mit 39,1 % ± 20,4 % bzw. 4,1 ± 1,9 mL pro Tag. Wir konnten daher bei Patienten mit PVE in Kombination mit der Anwendung von CD133+-Zellen nach 27 ± 11 Tagen die Resektion durchführen, nach PVE alleine erst nach 45 ± 21 Tagen (p = 0,02). Das Überleben war dabei weder in der frühen postoperativen Phase, noch im Langzeit-Follow-up durch die kürzere Wartezeit negativ beeinflusst. Schlussfolgerung: Die PVE in Kombination mit der Applikation von CD133+-KMSZ kann offensichtlich die Leberregeneration beschleunigen. Dieses Verfahren hat das Potenzial bei Patienten noch eine intentionell kurative Resektion durchzuführen, die ansonsten wegen der drohenden Leberinsuffizienz nicht möglich wäre.
Abstract
Background: The liver has an excellent regenerative capacity after resection. However, below a critical level of future liver remnant volume (FLRV), partial hepatectomy is accompanied by a significant increase of postoperative liver failure. There is accumulating evidence for the contribution of bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) to participate in liver regeneration. Here we report our experience with portal vein embolisation (PVE) and CD133+ BMSC administration to the liver, compared with PVE alone, to augment hepatic regeneration in patients with critically low FLRV or impaired liver function. Patients and Methods: Eleven patients underwent PVE of liver segments I and IV–VIII to stimulate hepatic regeneration prior to extended right hepatectomy. In these 11 patients with a FLRV below 25 % and / or limited quality of hepatic parenchyma, PVE alone did not promise adequate proliferation. These patients underwent additional BMSC administration to segments II and III. Two radiologists blinded to patients‘ identity and each other‘s results measured liver and tumour volumes with helical computed tomography. Absolute, relative and daily FLRV gains were compared with a group of patients that underwent PVE alone. Results: The increase of the mean absolute FLRV after PVE with BMSC application from 239.3 mL ± 103.5 (standard deviation) to 417.1 mL ± 150.4 was significantly higher than that from 286.3 mL ± 77.1 to 395.9 mL ± 94.1 after PVE alone (p < 0.05). Also the relative gain of FLRV in this group (77.3 % ± 38.2 %) was significantly higher than that after PVE alone (39.1 % ± 20.4 %) (P = 0.039). In addition, the daily hepatic growth rate after PVE and BMSC application (9.5 ± 4.3 mL / d) was significantly superior to that after PVE alone (4.1 ± 1.9 mL / d) (p = 0.03). Time to surgery was 27 days ± 11 in this group and 45 days ± 21 after PVE alone (p = 0.02). Short- and long-term survival were not negatively influenced by the shorter waiting period. Conclusion: In patients with malignant liver lesions, the combination of PVE with CD133+ BMSC administration substantially increased hepatic regeneration compared with PVE alone. This procedure bears the potential to allow the safe resection of patients with a curative intention that would otherwise carry the risk post-operative liver failure.
Schlüsselwörter
Leberresektion - Leberversagen - Leberchirurgie - Resektabilität - Stammzelltherapie
Key words
liver resection - liver failure - liver surgery - resectability - stem cell therapy
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Prof. W. T. Knoefel
Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf · Chirurgische Klinik A
Moorenstraße 5
40225 Düsseldorf
Deutschland
Telefon: +49 / 2 11 / 8 11 73 51
Fax: +49 / 2 11 / 8 11 73 59
eMail: knoefel@uni-duesseldorf.de