Zusammenfassung
Die Assoziation zwischen dem humanen Leukozytenantigen (HLA)
B27 und rheumatologischer Erkrankungen wie z. B. Morbus
Bechterew wurde vor fast 40 Jahren entdeckt, die pathogenetische Bedeutung
bleibt jedoch weiterhin unklar. Neben dieser Assoziation hat HLA-B27
einen positiven Effekt bei zwei der bedeutendsten humanen Virusinfektionen:
Bei der HIV-Infektion haben HLA-B27 positive Patienten niedrige
Viruslasten, die CD4-Zellzahl fällt langsam ab und die
AIDS-Erkrankung bricht spät aus. Bei der akuten Hepatitis
C Virus (HCV) Infektion ist HLA-B27 mit einer sehr hohen Rate an
spontaner Viruselimination assoziiert. Die Mechanismen der Protektion durch
HLA-B27 bei der HIV- und HCV-Infektion wurden in den letzten Jahren
charakterisiert und werden hier diskutiert.
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B27 has been linked to rheumatic
diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis nearly 40 years ago, but
its role in pathogenesis remains unclear. Apart from this association,
HLA-B27 has a positive effect in two of the most threatening human
viral infections: in HIV infection, HLA-B27 positive patients have
low viral loads, CD4+ T cell counts decline slowly and
AIDS progresses slowly. In acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection,
HLA-B27 is associated with a very high rate of spontaneous viral
clearance. The mechanisms of protection by HLA-B27 in HIV and HCV
infection have been characterized in the recent years and will be
discussed in this article.
Schlüsselwörter
HLA-B27 - Humanes Immundefizienzvirus - Hepatitis C Virus - Morbus Bechterew - Viraler Escape
Keywords
HLA-B27 - human immunodeficiency virus - hepatitis C virus - ancylosing spondylitis - viral escape
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Dr. Christoph Neumann-Haefelin
Abteilung Innere Medizin II
Universitätsklinikum
Freiburg
Hugstetter Straße 55
79106
Freiburg
Telefon: 0761/270-3401
Fax: 0761/270-3725
eMail: christoph.neumann-haefelin@uniklinik-freiburg.de