Zusammenfassung
Die vorliegende randomisierte kontrollierte Studie untersuchte die Wirkung aktiver und passiver Bewegungen im Vergleich zu rein aktiven Übungen bei nicht spezifischen Nackenschmerzen. Nach 5 Wochen Intervention wiesen die Ergebnisse beim Neck Disability Index einen tendenziellen Gruppenunterschied zugunsten der aktiven und passiven Bewegungen auf. Die schmerzbedingte Beeinträchtigung von Aktivitäten und Partizipation ergab ein vergleichbares Resultat. Insgesamt haben bei Patienten mit nicht spezifischen Nackenschmerzen aktive und passive Bewegungen eine bessere Wirkung als rein aktive Übungen.
Abstract
This randomized controlled study examined the effect of active and passive movement in non-specific neck pain compared to pure active exercises. After 5 weeks of intervention the results of the Neck Disability Index showed a tendency towards a group difference in favour of active and passive movements. The ”pain-related impairment of activities and participation” revealed a similar result. Overall active and passive movements have greater effect than pure active exercise in patients with non-specific neck pain.
Schlüsselwörter
Nackenschmerzen - passive Bewegungen - aktive Bewegungen - randomisierte kontrollierte Studie
Key words
neck pain - passive movements - active exercises - randomized controlled trial
Literatur
1
Aker P D, Gross A R, Goldsmith C H et al.
Conservative management of mechanical neck pain: systematic overview and meta-analysis.
BMJ.
1996;
313
1291-1296
2
Ammer K.
Rehabilitation, Sekundärprävention und Dokumentation beim chronischen unspezifischen HWS-Syndrom.
Österr Z Phys Med Rehabil.
2005;
15
22-34
3
Andersson H L, Ejlertsson G, Leden I et al.
Chronic pain in a geographically defined general population: studies of differences in age, gender, social class, and pain localization.
Clin J Pain.
1993;
9
174-182
4 Van den Berg F. Angewandte Physiologie. Bd.1: Das Bindegewebe des Bewegungsapparates verstehen und beeinflussen. Stuttgart: Thieme; 1998
5
Bovim G, Schrader H, Sand T.
Neck pain in the general population.
Spine.
1994;
19
1307-1309
6
Bronfort G, Evans R, Nelson B et al.
A randomized clinical trial of exercise and spinal manipulation for patients with chronic neck pain.
Spine.
2001;
26
788-797
7 Butler D. Mobilisation des Nervensystems. Heidelberg: Springer; 1998
8
Carroll L, Cassidy J D, Cote P.
The Saskatchewan health and back pain survey: The prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptomatology in Saskatchewan adults.
Canadian Journal of Public Health.
2000;
10
186-196
9
Carroll L, Mercado A C, Cassidy J D et al.
A population-based study of factors associated with combinations of active and passive coping with neck pain and low back pain.
J Rehabilitation Medicine.
2002;
43
67-72
10
Chiu Thomas T W, Law Hung E Y, Chiu T H.
Performance of the craniocervical flexion test EY in subjects with and without chronic neck pain.
J Orthop Sports Phys Therapy.
2005;
35
567-571
11
Chiu Thomas T W, Hui-Chan Wy C, Chein G.
A randomized clinical trial of tens and exercises for patients with neck pain.
Clinical Rehabilitation.
2005;
19
850-860
12 Clauß G, Ebner H. Statistik für Soziologen, Pädagogen, Psychologen und Mediziner. Frankfurt/M: Deutsch; 1985
13
Côté P, Kristmann V, Vidmar M et al.
The Prevalence and Incidence of Work Absenteeism Involving Neck Pain: A Cohort of Ontario Lost-Time Claimants.
Spine.
2008;
33
192-198
14
Dillmann U, Nilges P, Saile H et al.
Behinderungseinschätzung bei chronischen Schmerzpatienten.
Der Schmerz.
1994;
8
100-114
15
Evans R, Bronfort G, Evans R et al.
Two-year follow-up of randomized clinical trial of spinal manipulation and two types of exercise for patients with chronic neck pain.
Spine.
2002;
27
2383-2389
16
Falla D.
Evidenz muskulärer Beeinträchtigungen bei Patienten mit chronischen Nackenschmerzen.
Manuelle Therapie.
2006;
10
77-81
17
Falla D, O’Leary S, Fagan A et al.
Recruitment of the deep cervical flexor muscles during a postural-correction exercise performed in sitting.
Manual Therapy.
2007;
12
139-143
18
Ferraz M B, Quaresma M R, Aqino L R et al.
Reliability of pain scales in the assessment of literate and illiterate patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
J Rheumatol.
1990;
17
1022-1024
19 Frobröse I, Nellessen G, Wilke C. Training in der Therapie. Grundlagen und Praxis. München: Urban & Fischer; 2003
20 Gifford L. Schmerzphysiologie. In: Van den Berg F Angewandte Physiologie, Bd. 2: Organsysteme verstehen und beeinflussen.. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2000
21
Gross A R, Hoving J L, Heines T A.
A Cochrane Review of Manipulation and Mobilization for Mechanical Neck Disorders.
Spine.
2004;
29
1541-1548
22
Hoving J L, Koes B W, Vet H CW et al.
Manual therapy, physical therapy, or continued care by general practitioner for patient with neck pain.
Clin J Pain.
2006;
22
370-377
23
Jensen M P, Karoly de P, Braver S.
The measurement of clinical pain intensity: a comparison of six methods.
Pain.
1986;
27
117-126
24 Jones M, Rivett D A. Clinical Reasoning in der Manuellen Therapie. München: Urban & Fischer; 2006
25
Jordan A, Bendix T, Nielsen H et al.
Intensive training, physiotherapy, or manipulation for patients with chronic neck pain: a prospective, single-blinded, randomized clinical trial.
Spine.
1998;
23
311-319
26 Jull G, Sterling M, Fall D. et al .Whiplash, Headache and Neck Pain. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2008
27 Kaltenborn F. Manuelle Therapie nach Kaltenborn. Untersuchung und Mobilisation der Gelenke. Teil II: Wirbelsäule. Oslo: Norlis; 2004
28
Kaltenborn F.
Early history of physiotherapy in Sweden and Norway. Implications for professional autonomy and direct-access clinical practice.
Tijdschrift Manuele Therapie.
2008;
2
6-9
29
Kay T M, Gross A, Santaguida P L et al.
Cervical Overview Group. exercise for mechanical neck disorders.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
2005;
20
CD004250
30
Korthals-Bos I BC, Hoving J L, Tulder van M W et al.
Cost-effectiveness of physiotherapy, manual therapy, and general practitioner care for neck pain: economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial.
BMJ.
2003;
326
911
31 Maitland G D, Hengeveld de E, Banks K. et al .Manipulation der Wirbelsäule. Heidelberg: Springer; 2005
32
Makela M, Heliovaara M, Sievers K et al.
Prevalence, determinants, and consequences of chronic neck pain in Finland.
Am J Epidemiol.
1991;
134
1356-1367
33
Mercado A C, Carroll L, Cassidy J D et al.
Coping with neck and low back pain in the general population.
Health Psychology.
2000;
19
333-338
34 Merskey H, Bogduk N. Classification of chronic pain: descriptions of chronic pain syndromes and definitions of pain terms. Seattle: IASP Press; 1994
35 Oesch P, Hilfiker R, Keller S. et al .Assessments in der muskuloskelettalen Rehabilitation. Bern: Hogrefe; 2007
36 Physio-Akademie des ZVK .Handbuch für standardisierte Ergebnismessung in der Physiotherapiepraxis. Wremen: Physio-Akademie des ZVK; 2006
37
Rubinstein S, Pool J, Tulder M W et al.
Diagnostic accuracy of provocative tests of the neck for diagnosing cervical radiculopathy: A systematic review.
Eur Spine J.
2007;
16
307-319
38 Sachs van L. Angewandte Statistik. Berlin: Springer; 1984
39
Scherer M, Niebling W.
Die Primärversorgung von Patienten mit Nackenschmerzen.
Z Allg Med.
2005;
81
348-358
40
Sha J P, Phlilips T M, Danoff J V et al.
An in vitro microanalytical technique for measuring the local biomechanical milieu of human skeletal muscle.
J Appl Physiol.
2005;
99
1977-1984
41
Simpson R, Gemell H.
Accuracy of spinal orthopaedic tests: a systematic review.
Chiropractice (Osteopathy.
2006;
14
26
42
Swenson R S.
Therapeutic modalities in the management of nonspecific neck pain.
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am.
2003;
14
605-627
43
Taimela S, Takala E P, Asklöf T.
Active treatment of chronic neck pain: a prospective randomized intervention.
Spine.
2000;
25
1021-1027
44
Taylor J, Taylor M.
Cervical spinal injuries: an autopsy study of 109 blunt injuries.
J Musculoskel Pain.
1996;
4
61-79
45 Travell J G, Simons D G. Myofascial pain and dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Vol. 1. Baltimore: Williams & Williams; 1998
46
Vernon H, Mior S.
The Neck Disability Index: A Study of Reliability and Validity.
J Manip Physiol Ther.
1996;
76
1288-1300
47
Viljanen M, Malmivaara A, Uitti J et al.
Effectiveness of dynamic muscle training, relaxation training, or ordinary activity for chronic neck pain: randomised controlled trial.
BMJ.
2003;
327
475-479
48
Walker M J, Boyles R E, Young B A et al.
The effectiveness of manual physical therapy and exercise for mechanical neck pain: a randomized clinical trial.
Spine.
2008;
33
2371-2378
49
Ylinen J, Takala E P, Nykänen M et al.
Active neck muscle training in the treatment of chronic neck pain in women: a randomized controlled trial.
JAMA.
2003;
289
2509-2516
1 Die Arbeit entstand im Rahmen des Master of Science Studiengang (Muskuloskeletal Physiotherapy) an der Donau-Universität Krems.
Christoph Kaminski
PT, OMT, MSc, Schwerpunktpraxis in Essen
Maybachstr. 13
45133 Essen
eMail: chriskaminski@gmx.de