ABSTRACT
To reconstruct the cheek, surgeons will need a variety of techniques including local flaps, pedicled flaps, as well as split- or full-thickness skin grafts. Depending on the size and the location of the defect as well as possible impeding conditions (revision, previous irradiation) or extended surgery (parotid gland, cervical lymph nodes), the extent of surgery needs to be adapted. The aesthetic units in the face, the relaxed skin tension lines and the free margins of the lower eyelid, and the nasal ala and the lip need to be respected. Considering these conditions, various approaches in cheek reconstruction are discussed in this article.
KEYWORDS
Cheek reconstruction - cheek defects - flap - plastic surgery
REFERENCES
-
1
Weerda H.
[Special techniques in the reconstruction of cheek and lip defects (author's transl)].
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg).
1980;
59
630-640
-
2 Jackson I T. Local Flaps in Head and Neck Reconstruction. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1985
-
3 Esser J. Die Rotation der Wange und allgemeine Bemerkungen bei chirurgischer Gesichtsplastik. Leipzig, Germany: Vogel; 1918
-
4 Imre J. Lidplastik und plastische Operationen anderer des Gesichts. Budapest: Studium-Verlag; 1928
-
5
Belmahi A, Oufkir A, Bron T, Ouezzani S.
Reconstruction of cheek skin defects by the ‘Yin-Yang’ rotation of the Mustardé flap and the temporoparietal scalp.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg.
2009;
62
506-509
-
6
Barron J N, Emmett A J.
Subcutaneous pedicle flaps.
Br J Plast Surg.
1965;
18
51-78
-
7
Yenidunya M O, Demirseren M E, Ceran C.
Bilobed flap reconstruction in infraorbital skin defects.
Plast Reconstr Surg.
2007;
119
145-150
-
8
Webster J P.
Crescentic peri-alar cheek excision for upper lip flap advancement with a short history of upper lip repair.
Plast Reconstr Surg (1946).
1955;
16
434-464
-
9
El-Marakby H H.
The versatile naso-labial flaps in facial reconstruction.
J Egypt Natl Canc Inst.
2005;
17
245-250
-
10 Becker F F. Facial Reconstruction with Local and Regional Flaps. New York, NY: Thieme; 1985: 55-59
-
11
McGregor I A.
Local skin flaps in facial reconstruction.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am.
1982;
15
77-98
-
12
Weerda H.
[A trilobed rotation cheek flap for closure of facial defects (author's transl)].
HNO.
1979;
27
358-359
Matthias KuehnemundM.D.
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University-Hospital Bonn
Sigmund-Freud-Street 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany
Email: Kuehnemund.Matthias@gmail.com
