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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280425
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
New Reference Curves on Maternal Weight Gain in Twin Pregnancy
Neue Normkurven zur mütterlichen Gewichtszunahme in der ZwillingsschwangerschaftPublication History
received 5.9.2011
accepted 18.10.2011
Publication Date:
23 November 2011 (online)

Abstract
Purpose: Aim of the study was to generate reliable weight reference curves on maternal weight gain in twin pregnancy and to compare them to previous studies. Methods: A retrospective mixed model analysis was done at the Obstetric Outpatient Clinic of Zurich University Hospital to evaluate data gathered from 1/2004 to 4/2008. Maternal weight and BMI, before gestation and at the booking visit, as well as the infant birth weight were determined in 245 accurately dateable twin pregnancies of Caucasian women. 5th, 50th and 95th percentiles were presented and simple and multiple regression analyses were performed for various risk factors. Results: Mean weight gain was 19.1 kg at 37 gestational weeks with values of 29.2 kg and 9.1 kg for the 95th and the 5th percentile, respectively. Maternal weight gain at delivery was found to have a significant impact on infant birth weight. If maternal weight gain at delivery increased by 1 kg, then the mean weight of both twins increased by 80 g. Discussion/Conclusions: The presented reference curves on maternal weight gain may be helpful in counseling women with a twin pregnancy – they may reduce the risks arising from low or high maternal weight gain and help to prevent maternal long-term obesity.
Zusammenfassung
Ziele: Erstellung neuer, verlässlicher und leicht anwendbarer Normkurven für die mütterliche Gewichtszunahme in Zwillingsschwangerschaften und Vergleich der Ergebnisse mit Resultaten internationaler Studien. Material und Methoden: Es wurde eine retrospektive Mixed-Model-Analyse durchgeführt, worin Daten der Klinik für Geburtshilfe des Zürcher Universitätsspitals vom 1/2004 bis 4/2008 ausgewertet wurden. Bei 245 Kaukasierinnen mit genau datierbaren Zwillingsschwangerschaften wurden die mütterliche Gewichtszunahme und BMI, vor der Schwangerschaft und am Termin, sowie die kindlichen Geburtsgewichte bestimmt. Die 5., 50. und 95. Perzentile für die mütterliche Gewichtszunahme wurden erstellt und simple und multiple Regressionsanalysen für verschiedene Risikofaktoren durchgeführt. Resultate: Die mittlere Gewichtszunahme bei 37 Schwangerschaftswochen lag bei 19,1 kg mit Werten von 29,2 und 9,1 kg für die 95. bzw. 5. Perzentile. Die mütterliche Gewichtszunahme bei Geburt zeigte einen signifikanten Einfluss auf das kindliche Geburtsgewicht. Sobald die mütterliche Gewichtszunahme um 1 kg anstieg, erhöhte sich das mittlere Gewicht beider Zwillinge um 80 g. Schlussfolgerungen: Die präsentierten Normkurven für die mütterliche Gewichtszunahme können ein hilfreiches Instrument in der Betreuung von Zwillingsschwangerschaften sein – mütterliche und kindliche Risiken, bedingt durch eine zu geringe oder zu große Gewichtszunahme, können möglicherweise vermindert und ein nachteiliges „fetal programming“ und eine schwangerschaftserworbene Adipositas bei extremen Gewichtszunahmen verhindert werden.
Key words
body mass index (BMI) - maternal weight gain - reference curves - twin pregnancy
Schlüsselwörter
Body-Mass-Index (BMI) - mütterliche Gewichtszunahme - Normkurven - Zwillingsschwangerschaft
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