Respiratory Viral Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

S. Samuel Weigt; Aric L Gregson; Jane C Deng; Joseph P Lynch; John A Belperio

doi:10.1055/s-0031-1283286

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Table of Contents

Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 32(4): 471-493
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283286

Respiratory Viral Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

S. Samuel Weigt¹ , Aric L. Gregson² , Jane C. Deng¹ , Joseph P. Lynch¹ , John A. Belperio¹

¹Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
²Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) are common causes of mild illness in immunocompetent children and adults with rare occurrences of significant morbidity or mortality. Complications are more common in the very young, very old, and those with underlying lung diseases. However, RVIs are increasingly recognized as a cause of morbidity and mortality in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) and solid organ transplants (SOTs). Diagnostic techniques for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza, influenza, and adenovirus have been clinically available for decades, and these infections are known to cause serious disease in transplant recipients. Modern molecular technology has now made it possible to detect other RVIs including human metapneumovirus, coronavirus, and bocavirus, and the role of these viruses in causing serious disease in transplant recipients is still being worked out. This article reviews the current information regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of these infections, as well as the aspects of clinical significance of RVIs unique to HSCT or SOT.

KEYWORDS

Respiratory viral infection (RVI) - transplant - community acquired respiratory virus (CARV) - respiratory syncytial virus - influenza - parainfluenza

Full Text

References

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S. Samuel WeigtM.D.

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, and Hospitalists, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

10833 Le Conte Ave., Rm. CHS 37-131, Los Angeles, CA 90095

Email: sweigt@mednet.ucla.edu