Synlett, Table of Contents LETTER © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart ˙ New York Total Synthesis of Altenusin and Alterlactone Judith Cudaj, Joachim Podlech*Institut für Organische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, GermanyFax: +49(721)60847652; e-Mail: joachim.podlech@kit.edu; Recommend Article Abstract Buy Article All articles of this category Abstract The resorcylic lactone alterlactone, a mycotoxin produced by alternaria sp., was synthesized for the first time. The total synthesis was achieved in nine steps with 69% yield starting with acetal-protected phloroglucinic acid and 6-bromopiperonal, where the longest linear sequence consists of five steps. Key step is a Suzuki coupling used for the construction of the central biaryl bond. When the final deprotection with cleavage of benzyl ethers (yielding unprotected alterlactone) was performed in a less polar solvent the biaryl mycotoxin altenusin was obtained. Key words polyketides - fungal metabolites - resorcylic lactones - cross-coupling - Suzuki reaction Full Text References References and Notes 1 Bringmann G. Günther C. Ochse M. Schupp O. Tasler S. In Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe Herz W. Falk H. Kirby GW. Moore RE. Springer; Vienna: 2001. p.1-249 2a Handbook of Toxic Fungal Metabolites Cole RJ. Cox RH. Academic Press; New York: 1981. p.614-645 2b Stinson EE. J. Food Prot. 1985, 48: 80 2c Harvan DJ. Pero RW. In Mycotoxins and other Fungal Related Food Problems Rodricks JV. American Chemical Society; Washington D.C.: 1976. p.344-355 3a Pero RW. Posner H. Blois M. Harvan D. Spalding JW. Environ. Health Perspect. 1973, 4: 87 3b Davis VM. Stack ME. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1994, 60: 3901 4a Combina M. Dalcero A. Varsavsky E. Torres A. Etcheverry M. Rodriguez M. Gonzalez Quintana H. Mycotoxin Res. 1999, 15: 33 4b Tournas VH. Stack ME. J. Food Prot. 2001, 64: 528 5a Harris TM. Hay JV. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99: 1631 5b Kanakam CC. Mani NS. Subba Rao GSR. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1990, 2233 5c Alo BI. Kandil A. Patil PA. Sharp MJ. Siddiqui MA. Snieckus V. Josephy PD. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56: 3763 5d Koch K. Podlech J. Pfeiffer E. Metzler M. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70: 3275 6a Altemöller M. Podlech J. Fenske D. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 1678 6b See also: Altemöller M. Podlech J. J. Nat. Prod. 2009, 72: 1288 7 Altemöller M. Podlech J. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, 2275 8 Thomas R. Biochem. J. 1961, 80: 234 9a Ayer WA. Racok JS. Can. J. Chem. 1990, 68: 2085 9b Singh SB. Jayasuriya H. Dewey R. Polishook JD. Zink DL. Dombrowski AW. Guan Z. Collado J. Platas G. Pelaez F. Felock PJ. Hazuda DJ. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2003, 30: 721 10 Oyama M. Xu Z. Lee K.-H. Spitzer TD. Kitrinos P. McDonald OB. Jones RRJ. Garvey EP. Lett. Drug Des. Discovery 2004, 1: 24 11 Nakanishi S. Toki S. Saitoh Y. Tsukuda E. Kawahara K. Ando K. Matsuda Y. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 1995, 59: 1333 12 Uchida R. Tomoda H. Dong Y. Omura S. J. Antibiotics 1999, 52: 572 13 Cota BB. Rosa LH. Caligiorne RB. Rabello ALT. Alves TMA. Rosa CA. Zani CL. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 2008, 285: 177 14 Kjer J. Wray V. Edrada-Ebel RA. Ebel R. Pretsch A. Lin W. Proksch P. J. Nat. Prod. 2009, 72: 2053 15a Takahashi S. Kamisuki S. Mizushina Y. Sakaguchi K. Sugawara F. Nakata T. Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, 44: 1875 15b Kamisuki S. Takahashi S. Mizushina Y. Hanashima S. Kuramochi K. Kobayashi S. Sakaguchi K. Nakata T. Sugawara F. Tetrahedron 2004, 60: 5695 15c Kuramochi K. Fukudome K. Kuriyama I. Takeuchi T. Sato Y. Kamisuki S. Tsubaki K. Sugawara F. Yoshida H. Mizushina Y. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2009, 17: 7227 16a Aly AH. Edrada-Ebel RA. Indriani ID. Wray V. Müller WEG. Totzke F. Zirrgiebel U. Schächtele C. Kubbutat MHG. Lin WH. Proksch P. Ebel R. J. Nat. Prod. 2008, 71: 972 16b Hassan AEHA. PhD Thesis Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Germany: 2007. 17a Ishiyama T. Murata M. Miyaura N. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60: 7508 17b Murata M. Oyama T. Watanabe S. Masuda Y. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65: 164 18 Altemöller M. Gehring T. Cudaj J. Podlech J. Goesmann H. Feldmann C. Rothenberger A. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, 2130 19a Chandrasekhar S. Reddy NR. Rao YS. Tetrahedron 2006, 62: 12098 19b Kuenburg B. Czollner L. Frohlich J. Jordis U. Org. Process Res. Dev. 1999, 3: 425 20a Reitz A. Avery MA. Verlander MS. Goodman M. J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46: 4859 20b Bhakuni DS. Kumar P. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 1988, 6: 417 20c Vickery EH. Pahler LF. Eisenbraun EJ. J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44: 4444 20d Tatsuta K. Furuyama A. Yano T. Suzuki Y. Ogura T. Hosokawa S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49: 4036 21 Henry TA. Sharp TM. J. Chem. Soc. 1930, 2279 22a Suzuki A. Proc. Jpn. Acad. 2004, 80: 359 22b Barder TE. Walker SD. Martinelli JR. Buchwald SL. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127: 4685 22c Alonso F. Beletskaya IP. Yus M. Tetrahedron 2008, 64: 3047 22d Martin R. Buchwald SL. Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41: 1461 Supplementary Material Supplementary Material Supporting Information