Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Das hepatozelluläre Karzinom (HCC) steht weltweit bez. Prävalenz an 6. und Mortalität
an 3. Stelle der bösartigen Tumoren. Mit der vorliegenden Untersuchung sollten klinisch
epidemiologische Daten und Überlebensraten über 2 Dekaden erhoben werden. Patienten und Methodik: Eingeschlossen wurden 441 konsekutive Patienten mit gesichertem HCC, die sich von
Januar 1988 bis Dezember 2007 am Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf vorstellten. Für
Vergleichszwecke wurde der Zeitraum in zwei Dekaden aufgeteilt (1988 – 1997 und 1998 – 2007).
Ergebnisse: Die Zahl der neu diagnostizierten HCC-Fälle hat sich zwischen 1988 – 1997 und 1998 – 2007
verdreifacht und der Anteil der Hepatitis-C-Fälle von 28 auf 38 % erhöht (p < 0,05).
Tumorgröße, Okuda- und BCLC-Stadium verringerten sich im Zeitverlauf (je p < 0,001
und p < 0,05). Während der zwei Dekaden verbesserten sich das mediane Gesamtüberleben
von 6 [95 % CI: 4,83 – 7,17] auf 9 Monate [95 % CI: 7,31 – 10,69]; p < 0,0001) sowie
die 1- und 5-Jahres-Überlebensraten von 22 auf 42 %: (p < 0,01) und von 0 auf 9 %
(p < 0,001). Der Anteil der behandelten im Vergleich zu nicht behandelten und der
multimodal im Vergleich zu unimodal therapierten Patienten erhöhte sich in der 2.
Dekade von 55 auf 79 % (p < 0,005) und von 5,4 auf 23 % (p < 0,0001). Die multimodale
Therapie war in der multivariaten Analyse unter Einschluss des Child-Pugh-Scores,
des BCLC-Stadiums, Tumorgröße und Geschlecht ein unabhängiger Faktor für das Überleben
(Odds Ratio: 2,77; 95 % CI: 1,44 – 5,31). Schlussfolgerung: Die beobachtete Verlängerung des Überlebens beim HCC ist am ehesten auf ein verbessertes
Screening, aber auch auf erweiterte und verbesserte Therapiemöglichkeiten zurückzuführen.
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks sixth regarding prevalence and third regarding
mortality among malignant tumours worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine
changes of clinical-epidemiological parameters and survival rates during two decades.
Patients and Methods: A total of 441 consecutive patients with HCC admitted to the University Clinic Düsseldorf
between January 1988 and December 2007 were included. For comparison, this time period
was divided into two decades (1988 – 1997 and 1998 – 2007). Results: The number of newly diagnosed HCCs has tripled in the years 1998 – 2007 compared
to the years 1988 – 1997. HCV-associated HCCs increased from 28 % in the years 1988 – 1997
to 38 % (p < 0.05) in the years 1998 – 2007. Tumour size, Okuda and BCLC stages decreased
during the observation period (both p < 0.001 and p < 0.05). Median overall survival
improved during the observation period from 6 [95 % CI: 4.83 – 7.17] to 9 months [95 %
CI: 7.31 – 10.69]; p < 0.0001) as did the 1-year and 5-year survival rates from 22 %
to 42 % (p < 0.019) and from 0 % to 9 % (p < 0.001), respectively. The proportion
of treated patients compared to patients with best supportive care as well as the
proportion of patients receiving a multimodal therapy compared to patients with a
single treatment regimen increased in the second decade (55 % vs. 79 %: p < 0.005;
5.4 % vs. 23 %: p < 0.0001). Multimodal therapy was an independent predictor for prolonged
survival in a multivariate analysis including Child-Pugh score, BCLC stage, tumour
size, and gender (odds ratio 2,77; 95 % CI: 1.44 – 5.31). Conclusion: Improved screening as well as broader and improved treatment options may have contributed
to the increasing survival rates.
Schlüsselwörter
Leber - hepatozelluläre Karzinom - Überlebensraten
Key words
liver - hepatocellular carcinoma - survival rate
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Prof. Dr. Andreas Erhardt
Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum
der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
Moorenstr. 5
40225 Düsseldorf
Telefon: ++ 49/2 11/8 11 82 68
Fax: ++ 49/2 11/8 11 81 32
eMail: Erhardt@med.uni-duesseldorf.de