Curriculum „Patientensicherheit“ im Blockpraktikum Chirurgie an der Universität Greifswald

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Die konsequente Anwendung von Sicherheitsbarrieren wie z. B. der chirurgischen OP-Checkliste sind nachweislich effektiv in der Reduktion unerwünschter Ereignisse und verbessern sowohl die Patientensicherheit als auch die Teaminteraktion innerhalb des OP. Dennoch sind viele Ärzte noch skeptisch. Nur wer die innere Bereitschaft hat und innerlich von der Notwendigkeit überzeugt ist, wird Sicherheitssysteme auch tatsächlich verwenden. Daher ist es wichtig, das Thema Patientensicherheit bereits im Medizinstudium zu vermitteln, also bevor Arbeitsabläufe in der täglichen Routine der Ausbildungsassistenten automatisiert werden. Methode: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Einführung des Curriculums „Patientensicherheit“ in das Blockpraktikum an der Chirurgischen Klinik der Universitätsmedizin Greifswald beschrieben. Anschließend erfolgt eine systematische Analyse der entsprechenden Evaluation von 6 Veranstaltungen eines Studienjahrgangs zwischen April und Oktober 2011. Ergebnisse: Die Auswertung der Evaluation verdeutlicht die hohe Relevanz der Thematik für die Studenten. Auch die Qualität des Praktikums, insbesondere in Hinblick auf Effizienz der Wissensvermittlung und Praxisnähe, wird als hoch bewertet. Das didaktische Konzept fand Anerkennung. Kritik bezieht sich in erster Linie auf organisatorische Aspekte, so z. B. auf den Zeitpunkt der Veranstaltung am Nachmittag vor der Blockpraktikumsprüfung. Schlussfolgerung: Das Curriculum „Patientensicherheit“ ist geeignet, ein Problembewusstsein zu schaffen, sicherheitsrelevante Aspekte zu verdeutlichen und Handlungsstrategien zu vermitteln. Hierbei erscheint der frühe Zeitpunkt im klinischen Abschnitt des Medizinstudiums besonders geeignet, da die Studenten in dieser Phase noch unvoreingenommen sind. Wir empfehlen daher die flächendeckende Einführung einer solchen Lehrveranstaltung.

Abstract

Background: Risk reducing measures like the surgical checklist have been proven to reduce effectively adverse events and improve patient safety and teamwork among surgical staff members. Nevertheless, many physicians still refuse to use even simple safety tools like the WHO checklist. A progress in patient safety can only be achieved by changing the operating proceedings and mentality of medical students. This is best performed by teaching patient safety already very early in the medical education. Method: The present study demonstrates the implementation and evaluation of the curriculum “patient safety” for undergraduate medical students in the 4th year of medical school at the Department of Surgery, University of Greifswald. 141 students evaluated a total of six lectures from April to October 2011. Results: The results indicate that young medical students show great enthusiasm in safety matters and are willing to adopt the principles. Especially the importance of the issue and the didactic design were evaluated as being very high. Conclusion: The curriculum “patient safety” as part of the training program in medical school is a powerful and effective educational tool that is able to raise the studentʼs awareness of patient safety affairs. Thereby it is crucial to start early within medical education during the phase of socialisation. We recommend the general implementation of a patient safety curriculum in medical school.

Schlüsselwörter

Patientensicherheit - OP-Checkliste - Medizinstudium

Key words

patient safety - surgical checklist - study of medicine

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