Der fünfmalige Aufstehtest mit Beschleunigungsmessung zur Unterscheidung zwischen gestürzten und nicht gestürzten selbstständig lebenden Senioren

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Eine einfache und möglichst genaue Unterscheidung zwischen sturzgefährdeten und weniger sturzgefährdeten Senioren ist notwendig, um potenziell sturzgefährdete Personen zu identifizieren und entsprechende Maßnahmen einzuleiten.

Ziel: Die Studie überprüfte bei dem breit evaluierten und häufig verwendeten fünfmaligen Aufstehtest (Five Chair Rise Test) die bestehende Messmethodik (Zeit) mit zusätzlicher Verwendung eines Beschleunigungsmessers (triaxialer Accelerometer).

Methode: An der Studie nahmen 108 selbstständig lebende Senioren (90 Frauen, 18 Männer) mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 78,37 Jahren teil. Nach einzelnen mündlichen Befragungen zu Sturzereignissen in den letzten 12 Monaten wurden sie in gestürzte und nicht gestürzte Personen unterteilt und in der Testdurchführung instruiert. Während des Tests wurde ein Beschleunigungssensor an das Brustbein gehalten.

Ergebnisse: Die Auswertung des fünfmaligen Aufstehtests erfolgte bezüglich der Variablen Geschwindigkeit (cm/s), Kraft/Körpergewicht (N/kg), Leistung/Körpergewicht (W/kg) und Zeit (s). Die Geschwindigkeit zeigte beim optimalen Cut-off die beste Unterscheidbarkeit von Nichtstürzern und Stürzern. Für die Zeit errechnete sich hingegen bei ihrem optimalen Cut-off eine nur eher mäßige Trennschärfe.

Schlussfolgerungen: Bei der Durchführung des Aufstehtests empfiehlt sich die Zuhilfenahme eines Accelerometers, da die Differenzierung zwischen Stürzern und Nichtstürzern allein durch die Zeit deutlich ungenauer ist als die vertikale Geschwindigkeit beim Aufstehen.

Abstract

Background: An easy and preferably distinct differentiation between seniors with fall risk and less fall risk is essential in order to identify potential seniors with fall risk and to initiate concordant measures.

Objective: This study investigated the existing measuring method (time) of the widely evaluated and often used five chair rise test with the additional use of a triaxial accelerometer.

Method: 108 community-dwelling seniors (90 women, 18 men) with a mean age of 78.37 took part in this study. Following oral interviews concerning fall history during the last 12 months the subjects were allocated into fallers and non-fallers and instructed in the test performance. During the test an acceleration sensor was attached to the sternum.

Results: The five chair rise test was analysed using the variables speed (cm/s), force/KG (N/kg), work/KG (W/kg) und time (s). The variable speed showed an optimal cut-off at 84.6 cm/s to distinguish between fallers and non-fallers. However, time showed only a moderate selectivity with the optimal cut-off at 13.25.

Conclusions: For the five chair rise test the use of an accelerometer is recommended since differentiation between fallers and non-fallers only by time is distinctively more inexact than the vertical velocity for standing up.

Schlüsselwörter

Sturz - Sturzrisiko - Beschleunigungsmesser - selbstständig lebende Senioren - Beinkraft

Key words

fall - fall risk - accelerometer - community-dwelling seniors - leg strength

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