Tiefe Hirnstimulation in der Psychiatrie: Ethische Aspekte

Zusammenfassung

Die Tiefe Hirnstimulation (THS) wurde bei zahlreichen neurologischen Erkrankungen erforscht. Zunehmend wird auch eine Bedeutung dieser Behandlungsmethode bei psychiatrischen Krankheiten gesehen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden nach einer kurzen geschichtlichen Einleitung die derzeit am häufigsten diskutierten Punkte bezüglich des Einsatzes der THS in der Psychiatrie besprochen. Abschließend wird aufgezeigt, dass die derzeitige Diskussion über die Risiken oder den Nutzen der THS in der Psychiatrie vermutlich nicht nur auf wissenschaftlichen Überlegungen basiert, sondern auch die Krankheitswertigkeit einzelner psychiatrischer Störungsbilder infrage stellt.

Abstract

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been shown to be an efficacious treatment for many neurological conditions and has thus been expanded to psychiatric diseases as well. Following an introduction on the history of DBS in psychiatry, this review summarizes commonly raised ethical concerns and questions on clinical trial design, selection of patients, informed consent and concerns about the possible impact of DBS on an individual’s personality. Finally, it highlights the fact that critique on DBS in psychiatry is probably not selectively based on scientific concerns about potential risks; instead, the neurobiological origin of specific psychiatric disorders has been questioned.

Schlüsselwörter

tiefe Hirnstimulation - THS - Psychiatrie - Ethik

Keywords

deep brain stimulation - dbs - psychiatry - ethics

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