Zerrungen der ischiokruralen Muskulatur: Ätiologie und Konsequenzen für die Prävention

Zusammenfassung

IM SPRINT  tritt plötzlich ein krampfartiger Schmerz auf. Zerrungen treffen häufig die ischiokruralen Muskeln –die Krux dabei: Nach einer ersten Zerrung lässt die nächste meistens nicht lange auf sich warten. Wie entstehen Zerrungen, wer ist besonders gefährdet und wie können Sportphysiotherapeuten Sportler mit Risikofaktoren schützen?

• Literatur

• 1 Arnason A, Andersen TE, Holme I et al. Prevention of hamstring strains in elite soccer: an intervention study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2008; Feb 18 (1) 40-48
• 2 Askling C, Karlsson J, Thorstensson A. Hamstring injury occurrence in elite soccer players after preseason strength training with eccentric overload. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2003; Aug 13 (4) 244-250
• 3 Askling C, Saartok T, Thorstensson A. Type of acute hamstring strain affects flexibility, strength, and time to return to pre-injury level. Br J Sports Med 2006; Jan 40 (1) 40-44
• 4 Askling C, Tengvar M, Saartok T et al. Sports related hamstring strains: two cases with different etiologies and injury sites. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2000; Oct 10 (5) 304
• 5 Askling CM, Nilsson J, Thorstensson A. A new hamstring test to complement the common clinical examination before return to sport after injury. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2010; Dec 18 (12) 1798-803
• 6 Brooks JH, Fuller CW, Kemp SP et al. Incidence, risk, and prevention of hamstring muscle injuries in professional rugby union. Am J Sports Med 2006; Aug 34 (8) 1297-1306
• 7 Brukner P, Nealon A, Morgan C et al. Recurrent hamstring muscle injury: applying the limited evidence in the professional football setting with a seven-point programme. Br J Sports Med 2013; Feb 15 [Epub ahead of print]
• 8 Croisier JL, Ganteaume S, Binet J et al. Strength imbalances and prevention of hamstring injury in professional soccer players: a prospective study. Am J Sports Med 2008; Aug 36 (8) 1469-1475
• 9 Ekstrand J, Hagglund M, Walden M. Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer). Am J Sports Med 2011; 39: 1226-1232
• 10 Ekstrand J, Hägglund M, Waldén M. Injury incidence and injury patterns in professional football: the UEFA injury study. Br J Sports Med Epub 2010 May 29
• 11 Engebretsen AH, Myklebust G, Holme I et al. Intrinsic risk factors for hamstring injuries among male soccer players: a prospective cohort study. Am J Sports Med 2010; Jun 38 (6) 1147-1153
• 12 Freckleton G, Pizzari T. Risk factors for hamstring muscle strain injury in sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2013; Apr 47 (6) 351-358
• 13 Fyfe JJ, Opar DA, Williams MD et al. The role of neuromuscular inhibition in hamstring strain injury recurrence. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2013; Jun 23 (3) 523-530
• 14 Goldman EF, Jones DE. Interventions for preventing hamstring injuries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; 1: CD006782
• 15 Hägglund M, Waldén M, Ekstrand J. Previous injury as a risk factor for injury in elite football: a prospective study over two consecutive seasons. Br J Sports Med 2006; 40: 767-772
• 16 Hägglund M, Waldén M, Ekstrand J. Risk factors for lower extremity muscle injury in professional soccer: the UEFA injury study. J Sports Med 2011; 41: 327
• 17 Heiderscheit BC, Sherry MA, Silder A et al. Hamstring strain injuries: recommendations for diagnosis, rehabilitation and injury prevention. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010; 2: 67-81
• 18 Kerkhoffs GM, van Es N, Wieldraaijer T et al. Diagnosis and prognosis of acute hamstring injuries in athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2013; 21: 500-509
• 19 Malliaropoulos N, Mendiguchia J, Pehlivanidis H et al. Hamstring exercises for track and field athletes: injury and exercise biomechanics, and possible implications for exercise selection and primary prevention. Br J Sports Med 2012; Sep 46 (12) 846-851
• 20 Mason DL, Dickens VA, Vail A. Rehabilitation for Hamstring Injuries (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012; (Issue 12)
• 21 Müller-Wohlfahrt HW, Ueblacker P, Hänsel L, Hrsg. Muskelverletzungen im Sport. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2010
• 22 Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med 2012; Mar 1 42 (3) 209-226
• 23 Petersen J, Hölmich P. Evidence based prevention of hamstring injuries in sport. Br J Sports Med 2005; Jun 39 (6) 319-323
• 24 Petersen J, Thorborg K, Nielsen MB et al. Preventive effect of eccentric training on acute hamstring injuries in men‘s soccer: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med 2011; 39: 2296
• 25 Reurink G, Goudswaard GJ, Tol JL et al. Therapeutic interventions for acute hamstring injuries: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 2012; 46: 103-109
• 26 Sanfilippo JL, Silder A, Sherry MA et al. Hamstring strength and morphology progression after return to sport from injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2013; 45 (3) 448-454
• 27 Schache AG, Dorn TW, Blanch PD et al. Mechanics of the human hamstring during sprinting. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012; Apr 44 (4) 647-658
• 28 Schmitt B, Tim T, McHugh M. Hamstring injury rehabilitation and prevention of reinjury using a lengthened state eccentric training: a new concept. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2012; Jun 7 (3) 333-341
• 29 Silder A, Thelen DG, Heiderscheit BC. Effects of prior hamstring strain injury on strength, flexibility, and running mechanics. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2010; Aug 25 (7) 681-686
• 30 Sole G, Milosavljevic S, Nicholson H et al. Selective strength loss and decreased muscle activity in hamstring injury. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011; 41 (5) 354-363
• 31 van Beijsterveldt AMC, van de Port GL, Vereijken J et al. Risk factors for hamstring injuries in male soccer players: a systematic review of prospective studies. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2013; 23: 253-262
• 32 Witvrouw E, Danneels L, Asselman P et al. Muscle flexibility as a risk factor for developing muscle injuries in male professional soccer players: a prospective study. Am J Sports Med 2003; Jan-Feb 31 (1) 41-46