Abstract
Direct carbon–hydrogen bond functionalization has attracted considerable attention and plays a key role in organic transformations. Currently, copper is showing great potential as a catalyst in C–H bond-functionalization reactions because of its low cost and unique reactivity. This review summarizes the recent advances in copper-catalyzed C–H bond functionalizations from carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom (O, N and S) bond-forming reactions through activation of C–H bonds.
1 Introduction
2 Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation
2.1 Csp–H Bond Functionalization
2.2 Csp2–H Bond Functionalization
2.3 Csp3–H Bond Functionalization
3 Carbon–Heteroatom Bond Formation
3.1 Carbon–Oxygen Bond Formation
3.2 Carbon–Nitrogen Bond Formation
3.3 Carbon–Sulfur Bond Formation
4 Conclusion
Key words
C–H bond activation - functionalization - carbon–carbon bond formation - carbon–heteroatom bond formation - copper catalysts