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Planta Med 2014; 80(13): 1138-1142
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1382948
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Quantification of the Antiplasmodial Alkaloid Carpaine in Papaya (Carica papaya) Leaves

Tasqiah Julianti
1   Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
2   Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta, Indonesia
,
Mouhssin Oufir
1   Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
,
Matthias Hamburger
1   Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 19 March 2014
revised 23 June 2014

accepted 01 July 2014

Publication Date:
25 August 2014 (online)

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Abstract

Daily consumption of papaya (Carica papaya) leaves as greens and an herbal infusion is common in some parts of Indonesia as a means for preventing malaria. Antiplasmodial activity of the leaf extracts and of the main alkaloid carpaine were recently confirmed. A quantitative assay for determination of carpaine in papaya leaves was developed and validated. The assay involved pressurized liquid extraction and quantification with the aid of ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. Extraction conditions were optimized with respect to solvent, temperature, and number of extraction cycles. The ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy assay was validated over a range of 20–5000 ng/mL (R2 of 0.9908). A total of 29 papaya leaf samples were analyzed, and carpaine concentration in dry leaves was found to range from 0.02 to 0.31 %. No obvious dependence on geographic origin and leaf maturity was observed.

Key words

carpaine - Carica papaya - Caricaceae - quantification - pressurized liquid extraction - UHPLC-MS/MS

Supporting Information

 

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