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Semin intervent Radiol 2015; 32(02): 231-236
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549846
Clinical Corner
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

A Focused Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Tumor Lysis Syndrome for the Interventional Radiologist

Marcia Friedman
1   Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
,
Pritesh R. Patel
1   Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
2   University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
,
Damiano Rondelli
1   Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
2   University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
28 May 2015 (online)

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The tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is one of the most frequently encountered and dangerous oncologic emergencies.[1] TLS describes a constellation of laboratory and clinical findings resulting from the rapid breakdown of tumor cells releasing their intracellular contents into the systemic circulation. It occurs most commonly in hematologic malignancies at the start of antineoplastic therapy, but has also been reported in a broad variety of solid organ malignancies, as well as occurring spontaneously without chemotherapy.[2] [3] [4] [5] As a potentially fatal oncologic emergency, it is imperative to identify patients at risk for early preventative therapy, understand the pathophysiology and consequences of this syndrome, and recognize the clinical and laboratory manifestations of TLS to ensure timely and appropriate treatment.

 

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