Self-Assessment Questions

This section provides a review. Mark each statement on the Answer Sheet according to the factual materials contained in this issue and the opinions of the authors.

Article One (pp. 167–178)

1. Which organizational culture is associated with better patient outcomes?

   • Hierarchical

   • Rational

   • Resistant

   • Proficient

   • Stressful

2. Which organizational climate is associated with higher turnover for therapists in the workplace?

   • Engaged

   • Functional

   • Stressful

   • Group

   • Avoidance

3. Which type of conflict management style is advocated for the skilled nursing facility setting?

   • Avoidance

   • Accommodation

   • Collaboration

   • Competition

   • Rigid

4. In what levels of policy may there be facilities or barriers to best practice implementation?

   • Federal

   • State

   • Building

   • Regional

   • All of the above

5. What are characteristics of a skilled communicator?

   • Authentic

   • Candid

   • Mindful

   • Reflective

   • All of the above

   Article Two (pp. 179–189)

6. In which setting is the majority of speech-language pathologists aged 34 and younger?

   • Public schools

   • Nonresidential health care

   • Residential health care

   • Private practice

   • Community hearing and speech centers

7. According to Douglas et al (2014), what factor was found to influence clinicians' perceptions of the evidence base?

   • Perceptions of the workplace

   • Perceptions of academic preparation

   • Perceptions of the quality of their clinical fellowship

   • Perceptions of research scientists

   • Perceptions of work–life balance

8. Which of the following are limitations of evidence-based medicine, as described by Greenhalgh et al?

   • Poor fit for multimorbidity

   • Too much evidence for clinicians to read and assess

   • Lack of emphasis on relationshipbased care

   • None of the above

   • All of the above

9. Which of the following are components of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Evidence-Based Practice model?

   • External scientific evidence

   • Client/patient/caregiver perspectives

   • Clinical expertise/expert opinion

   • A, B, and C

   • A and C

10. What is the purpose of gathering control data in a clinical case study?

    • To provide evidence that nontargeted behaviors improved

    • To provide evidence that treatment, rather than extraneous factors such as spontaneous recovery, is responsible for changes in targeted behaviors

    • To provide evidence that nontargeted behaviors worsened

    • To measure targeted skills over time

    • To obtain a baseline

    Article Three (pp. 190–198)

11. The habilitation approach for patients with dementia focuses upon

    • identifying areas of weaknesses in cognition and focusing treatment upon improving these functions (e.g., short-term memory)

    • the use of standardized testing to demonstrate patient progress

    • writing measurable, obtainable goals

    • taking advantage of a patient's preserved strengths, modifying the environment, and training family members

    • all of the above

12. A patient-centered evaluation should start with

    • standardized testing to identify areas of weakness

    • making the patient aware of his or her deficits and why treatment is needed

    • building rapport with the patient while discussing his or her personal goals and desires

    • assessing the patient's orientation

    • both A and B

13. Which of the following is an example of a personalized visual memory aid?

    • Memory wallet containing important names, places, and vocabulary words related to the patient's interests

    • Schedule board listing patient's daily activities and appointments

    • Grocery list template listing patient's favorite food items to purchase

    • Menu planner aid containing patient's favorite recipes

    • All of the above

14. What is the best strategy to train a patient to use visual memory aid?

    • Spaced retrieval training

    • Errorless learning

    • Repetition at consistent intervals

    • Both A and B

    • Both B and C

15. When should a clinician use counseling during a treatment session?

    • At the end of the session, after all goals have been targeted

    • At the beginning of a session, prior to the first treatment task

    • When a family member is present

    • Whenever a counseling moment arises; addressing the patient's emotional well-being is critical prior to moving along with any therapy task

    • Never; Medicare does not reimburse for counseling

    Article Four (pp. 199–208)

16. Which approach is appropriate for people with dementia to reduce undesirable behaviors?

    • Rehabilitation therapy

    • Choice therapy

    • Habilitation therapy

    • Simulation therapy

    • None of the above

17. Which type of music has been shown to have the greatest positive impact on people with dementia?

    • Classical

    • Sing-along

    • Motown

    • Rhythm and blues

    • Personalized

18. The easiest question for people with dementia to answer is a question that relies on

    • episodic memory and yes-or-no response

    • episodic memory and open-ended response

    • semantic memory and yes-or-no response

    • semantic memory and choice response

    • both episodic and semantic memory with yes-or-no response

19. Which of the following is not an appropriate strategy for communicating with people who have hearing loss and dementia?

    • Speaking face-to-face

    • Speaking with reference to visual aids

    • Shouting

    • Saying their name to get their attention first

    • Providing one-step simple instruction

20. With a habilitation approach, therapy may focus on all but

    • improving the physical environment including noise

    • training caregivers to communicate effectively

    • determining and encouraging activities that utilize a patient's strengths

    • trying different levels of light in the room to improve participation

    • training patients to respond to novel safety concerns with greater accuracy

    Article Five (pp. 209–214)

21. How is the “culture change” movement is an attempting to transform the care provided in long- term care settings? from what to what?

    • From skills skills-focused to role role-focused

    • From task-oriented to personcentered

    • From goal-oriented to outcomesoriented

    • From group group-focused to individualized

    • From deficit deficit-focused to abilities abilities-focused

22. What is an important indicator of well-being?

    • Decreased medication use

    • Quality sleep

    • Good mood

    • Reduced responsive behaviors

    • All of the above

23. The prepared environment should include

    • chicken coops

    • personal information on resident's door

    • name badges

    • B and C

    • all of the above

24. What is the most important factor for insuring ensuring the successful implementation of DementiaAbility Methods: The Montessori Way?

    • Gaining the commitment of the nursing home's leaders to make major changes in the operation of the home

    • Encouraging staff to become certified trainers

    • Conducting follow-up visits to insure ensure implementation fidelity

    • Providing a 2-day workshop for all staff

    • Enabling residents to make meaningful contributions to the community

25. Examples of everyday activities made meaningful are

    • memory books

    • making the bed

    • wearing name badges

    • A and B

    • B and C