Maternal Income during Pregnancy is Associated with Chronic Placental Inflammation at Birth

Lauren S. Keenan-Devlin; Linda M. Ernst; Kharah M. Ross; Sameen Qadir; William A. Grobman; Jane L. Holl; Amy Crockett; Gregory E. Miller; Ann E. B. Borders

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1601353

American Journal of Perinatology, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Am J Perinatol 2017; 34(10): 1003-1010
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601353

Original Article

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA

Maternal Income during Pregnancy is Associated with Chronic Placental Inflammation at Birth

Lauren S. Keenan-Devlin

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois

,

Linda M. Ernst

²Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

,

Kharah M. Ross

³Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois

,

Sameen Qadir

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois

,

William A. Grobman

⁴Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Center for Healthcare Studies, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

,

Jane L. Holl

⁵Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Center for Healthcare Studies—Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina

,

Amy Crockett

⁶Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Greenville Hospital System University Medical Center, Greenville, South Carolina

,

Gregory E. Miller

³Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois

,

Ann E. B. Borders

⁷Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine; Northwestern University Center for Healthcare Studies—Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Evanston, Illinois

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Objective This study aims to examine whether maternal household income is associated with histological evidence of chronic placental inflammation.

Study Design A total of 152 participants completed surveys of household income and consented to placenta collection at delivery and postpartum chart review for birth outcomes. Placental inflammatory lesions were evaluated via histological examination of the membranes, basal plate, and villous parenchyma by a single, experienced pathologist. Associations between household income and the presence of inflammatory lesions were adjusted for known perinatal risk factors.

Results Overall, 45% of participants reporting household income below $30,000/y had chronic placental inflammation, compared with 25% of participants reporting income above $100,000 annually (odds ratio [OR] = 4.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25, 14.28; p = 0.02). Middle-income groups showed intermediate rates of chronic inflammatory lesions, at 40% for those reporting $30,000 and 50,000 (OR = 3.60, 95% CI = 1.05, 12.53; p = 0.04) and 38% for those reporting $50,000 to 100,000 (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 0.60, 4.14; p = 0.36). Results remained significant after adjustment for maternal age, race, and marital status.

Conclusion Chronic placental inflammation is associated with maternal household income. Greater occurrence of placental lesions in low-income mothers may arise from a systemic inflammatory response to social and physical environmental factors.

Keywords

chronic inflammation - chronic deciduitis - chronic villitis - income - placenta - pregnancy - stress

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Referenzen

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