Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1617375
Are sound dogs mechanically symmetric at trot?
No, AactuallyPublication History
Received: 17 February 2008
Accepted 25 March 2008
Publication Date:
12 January 2018 (online)
Summary
A two-year-old, sound Labrador Retriever was determined to be ’right hind limb dominant’ by comparison of total hind limb moments of support using inverse dynamics. Net joint moments at the hip, tarsal and metatarsophalangeal joints were larger on the right side. Vertical joint reaction forces at the stifle were larger on the right, and horizontal stifle joint reaction forces were smaller on the right. The crus segment was more cranially inclined on the right side through most of stance, but the angle of the resultant stifle joint reaction force vector against the long axis of the crus segment was identical between the right and left sides. The cranially inclined crus segment orientation on one side, coupled with the larger vertical joint reaction force, may result in an internal asymmetry in stifle joint mechanics, although the effects of this on cruciate ligament stresses remain to be determined.
-
References
- 1 Annett M. Left, right, hand and brain: The right shift theory.. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum; 1985. .
- 2 Wheelwright EF, Minns RA, Law HT. et al. Temporal and spatial parameters of gait in children. I: Normal control data.. Develop Med Child Neurol 1993; 35: 102-113.
- 3 Maupas E, Paysant J, Martinet N. et al. Asymmetric leg activity in healthy subjects during walking, detected by electrogoniometry.. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 1999; 14: 403-411.
- 4 Maupas E, Paysant J, Datie AM. et al. Functional asymmetries of the lower limbs.. Gait Posture 2002; 16: 304-312.
- 5 Wells DL. Lateralised behaviour in the domestic dog.. Behav Processes 2003; 61: 27-35.
- 6 Deuel NR, Lawrence LM. Laterality in the gallop gait of horses.. J Biomech 1987; 20: 645-649.
- 7 Murphy J, Sutherland A, Arkins S. Idiosyncratic motor laterality in the horse.. App Animal Behav Sci 2005; 91: 297-310.
- 8 Wells DL, Irwin RM, Hepper PG. Lateralised swimming behaviour in the California Sea Lion.. Behav Processes 2006; 73: 121-123
- 9 Schaefer SL, DeCamp CE, Hauptman JG. et al. Kinematic gait analysis of hind limb symmetry in dogs at the trot.. Am J Vet Res 1998; 59: 680-685.
- 10 Gillette RL, Zebas CJ. A two-dimensional analysis of limb symmetry in the trot of Labrador Retrievers.. J Am An Hosp Assoc 1999; 35: 515-520.
- 11 Budsberg SC, Jevens DJ, Brown J. et al. Evaluation of limb symmetry indices, using ground reaction forces in healthy dogs.. Am J Vet Res 1993; 54: 1569-1574.
- 12 Besancon MF, Conzemius MG, Evans RB. et al. Distribution of vertical forces in the pads of Greyhounds and Labrador Retrievers during walking.. Am J Vet Res 2004; 65: 1497-1501.
- 13 Sadeghi H, Allard P, Prince F. et al. Symmetry and limb dominance in able-bodied gait: a review.. Gait Posture 2000; 12: 34-45.
- 14 Robinson RO, Herzog W, Nigg BM. Use of force platform variables to quantify the effects of chiropractic manipulation on gait symmetry.. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1987; 10: 172-176.
- 15 Seliktar R, Mizrahi J. Some gait characteristics of below-knee amputees and their reflection on the ground reaction forces.. Eng Med 1986; 15: 27-34.
- 16 Wall JC, Turnbull GI. Gait asymmetries in residual hemiplegia.. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1986; 67: 550-553.
- 17 Colborne GR, Innes JF, Comerford EJ. et al. Distribution of power across the hind limb joints in Labrador Retrievers and Greyhounds.. Am J Vet Res 2005; 66: 1563-1571.
- 18 Winter DA. Biomechanics and motor control of human movement. 3rd ed., 2005. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley & Sons.;
- 19 Lampman TJ, Lund EM, Lipowitz AJ. Cranial cruciate disease: current status of diagnosis, surgery, and risk for disease.. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2003; 16: 122-126.